Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510112
Odds of Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines by Cancer History: Updated Results from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)
Christine M. Swoboda, PhD, MS, Ann Scheck McAlearney, ScD, MS and Timothy Huerta, PhD, MS
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 13, 2019
Despite proven benefits of physical activity, adults in the United States may not be meeting activity guidelines for aerobic and strength exercise. There is an association between physical activity and reduced cancer risk, and reduced risk of reoccurrence among cancer survivors. This study aims to describe the odds of meeting aerobic, strength, and combined levels of physical activity based on the recommendations of the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans among adults in the U.S., making ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510111
State Infant Mortality Rate Calculations Vary by Classification of Pre-Viable Infants
Christine M. Swoboda, PhD, MS, Jason A Benedict, MS, Courtney Hebert, MD, Ann Scheck McAlearney ScD, MS and Timothy R Huerta, PhD, MS
Article Type: Commentary | First Published: September 12, 2019
When these data are used as the basis for policy making, they could potentially result in the mistargeting of resources from states with the greatest need to states whose levels of need may be overinflated based on an artifact of the reporting standard. In addition, the definitions create challenges when developing and delivering targeted interventions because they obscure the line between those infants and mothers who would benefit from postnatal interventions to prevent infant mortality (e.g.,...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510110
Limited Impact of Smoking Bans on Commercial Outdoor Dining Area in a Smoking Hot Spot: A Case Study
Stephanie Fletcher-Lartey, John Birkett, Sharon O’Regan, Angela Daly and Peter Cavagnino
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 06, 2019
An evaluation of the implementation of smokefree commercial outdoor dining was carried out to evaluate proprietors awareness and preparedness for the implementation of Smoke-Free Outdoor Dining regulations in Liverpool, Australia. The study found limited effectiveness of the smoking bans in the area, despite a high level of awareness of key changes required and high level of preparedness for the smoke-free COD regulations. The majority of COD operators chose to provide a designated smoking area ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510109
Factors Related to Disclosure and Nondisclosure of Dietary Supplements in Primary Care, Integrative Medicine, and Naturopathic Medicine
Jennifer R. Guzman, PhD, Debora A. Paterniti, PhD, Yihang Liu, MD, MA, MS and Derjung M. Tarn, MD, PhD
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: August 08, 2019
Mixed methods study combining qualitative content analysis of semi-structured interviews with statistical analyses to assess differences in identified factors by provider practice type and supplement type. Seventy-eight English-speaking patients who reported taking 466 dietary supplements in the previous 30 days were recruited from primary care and Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), Integrative Medicine (IM), and naturopathic doctors' offices in Southern California....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510108
A Minus That Makes the Difference
Vitale G, Vitale S, Pierini P and Visconti CL
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 28, 2019
Acute Coronary Syndromes include a wide variety of clinical scenarios. Coronary Angiography (CA) is a low-resolution imaging technique and its inability to provide a satisfactory tissue characterization of culprit lesions could be a concern in some cases. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an emergent intravascular high-resolution imaging modality which could be complementary to CA in challenging cases. We report a case of a young man in whom OCT had been determinant to understand the patholo...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510107
Paraquat Poisoning: Survival after Oral Ingestion
Sarah Allen, MD, Mario Gomez, MD, Alice M. Boylan, MD, Kristin B. Highland, MD, Anthony Germinario, MD, Michelle McCauley, MD and Michael Malone, MD
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: July 20, 2019
A 52-year-old caucasian male farmer from Walterboro, South Carolina presented to the Medical University of South Carolina Health-University Medical Center in August, one hour after ingestion of 20 oz of a 50/50 water/paraquat preparation, with suicidal intent, complaining of nausea and emesis of blue colored fluid. His vital signs were normal on admission other than an increased blood pressure of 159/92 mmHg. Upon presentation, physical examination was within normal limits. Plasma levels of para...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510106
Osteoporosis: Bisphosphonate Therapy in Postmenopausal Women
Amber Rowe, Erin Zamora and Tamera Pearson
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: July 19, 2019
Osteoporosis is the deterioration of bone tissue and strength, which leads to an increased risk of fractures. Postmenopausal women are at increased risk for osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates have long been the mainstay of osteoporosis treatment to prevent fractures, especially hip fractures by increasing bone mineral density. Extending treatment to up to 10 years is currently recommended. In lieu of possible adverse events such as atypical fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw, drug holidays are an...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510105
Critical Challenges of Economic and Social Issues in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Rubina Barolia, Gina Higginbottom, Wendy Duggleby and Alexander M Clark
Article Type: Original Research | First Published: July 06, 2019
What we eat may cause Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), and a healthy diet is a key factor in the prevention of CVD. Promoting healthy diet is challenging, particularly for people with low Socioeconomic Status (SES), because poverty is linked with many risk behaviours such as smoking, unhealthy eating, and obesity. Multiple factors make healthy eating very challenging. Underpinned by critical realism, this study explores the factors that inform Pakistani people of low socio-economic status SES in ma...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510104
How to Establish a Medical Ethics or Bioethics Committee?
Angel Velarde, MD, MSCE and Erwin Calgua, MD, MSCE
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 28, 2019
From the review of the literature, it was found that the ethics committees must be composed of at least 5 members, who are nominated by the director of the institution, with at least one member in the scientific area, a member in an area not scientific and a member not affiliated with the institution and each member must conduct ethics courses. The duration of the period will be for 3 years, and continuity may be given when so determined. Of the conflicts of interest, it was found that the last ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510103
Perspectives of Peers Experiences and Feeling About Termination of Pregnancy: A Focus Group Study in an Adolescent Population
Sunday Bassey Udoh, MBBS, FWACP, FMCFM, Victory Edet Iyanam, MBBS, FWACP and Oluyinka S Akinbami, MBBS, FWACP
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 27, 2019
Annually, over one million adolescent girls in Nigeria become pregnant. With active participation in decision making by their caregivers and peers, more than 60% of them end up in induced abortions. Generally, peers exert major social influence on adolescent sexual behavior by playing "role model" for others in their close contact. These "role models" are the first to be contacted when any problem such as unintended pregnancy occurs and most times they are involved in counseling as well as contr...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510102
Quality Care and the Soul of the Physician
Stephen Muse, PhD
Article Type: Short Note | First Published: May 24, 2019
Quality care for the patient is the source of vocational satisfaction and also a measure of physician well-being. Both are impacted positively by the spiritual life of physicians which contributes significantly to resiliency in the midst of current stresses in medical care. Additionally, a majority of patients identify spiritually integrated care as desirable in their physician's treatment. The author examines qualities of vulnerability, humility and compassion integral to the person of the phys...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510101
Inter-Arm Blood Pressure Difference in a Typical University Family Medicine Clinic
Kent H Do, MD, DPT, Capt, USAF, MSC, Sorana Raiciulescu MSc and Jeffrey C Leggit MD, CAQSM, Col (Ret), USA, MC
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: April 29, 2019
The purpose of this study was to determine the point prevalence of Inter-Arm Blood Pressure Difference (IAD) in a University Family Health Center (UFHC). 217 patients seen by the Uniformed Services University's (USU) UFHC were assessed in this non-randomized screening study. Blood pressure was measured simultaneously in both arms with automated sphygmomanometers in a seated position during normal scheduled appointment screening process after 5 minutes of sitting. The measure was repeated after o...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510100
Overcoming Barriers to Improve HIV Education and Public Health Outcomes in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Danielle A Walker, Kyle L Johnson, Tara B Thomas, Sandor Dorgo and Jacen S Moore
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 13, 2019
Approximately 37 million people worldwide are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), with the majority located in sub-Saharan Africa. The relationship existing between HIV incidence and socioeconomic inequity confirms the critical need for programs promoting HIV education, prevention and treatment access. This literature review analyzed 36 sources with a specific focus on the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), whose critically low socioeconomic status and education rate have resu...
