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International Archives of

Public Health and Community MedicineISSN: 2643-4512

Early Online

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710038

Current Circumstances of Corona-Virus (Covid-19) in India

Mohammad Athar

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: April 25, 2020

The Coronavirus or Covid-19 is a large family of viruses that causes illnesses ranging from the common cold to acute respiratory syndromes, but the current virus is a novel strain not seen before. Common symptoms of the novel Coronavirus strain include respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough, and shortness of breath, according to the WHO. The WHO has declared the Coronavirus epidemic as a global health emergency....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710037

Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Services in Health Centers of Sekoru Woreda, Jimma Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2012

Muktar Shekabdulahi

Article Type: Original Research | First Published: April 17, 2020

Tuberculosis is one of the major global public health problems. Each year, there are around nine million new cases of tuberculosis, and close to two million deaths. Ninety eight percent of TB deaths are in the developing world affecting mostly young adults in their most productive years. Providing quality care for pulmonary tuberculosis patients is crucial in prevention and control of the disease. Studies show that consistent compliance with evidence-based guidelines can significantly improve pa...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710028

Social Influences of Teachers, Classmates, and Parents on Children's Commitment to Physical Education and Language Education

Derwin KC Chan, Karen CH Lo and Felix Cheung

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 30, 2019

This study aims to examine the social influences of teachers, classmates and parents (i.e., positive reinforcement and punishment) on childrens commitment to physical education (PE) and language education (LE). Children from the UK (N = 614; Mean age = 13.05, SD = 2.01) completed the Perceived Social Influence Scale (Chan, et al. 2012), and also measures of competence, enjoyment, and effort in either the PE or LE context. Multi-group structural equation modelling (CFI = 0.97-0.98; TLI = 0.96-0.9...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710027

School Education Program in Asthma and Allergic Diseases: PIPA and VIDA in Uruguaiana, Brazil

Marilyn Urrutia-Pereira and Dirceu Sole

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: September 14, 2019

Children and adolescents spend a lot of time in school where it is possible that critical allergic episodes occur. Also, there is some lack of knowledge of staff and teachers about how to assist a child in an emergency situation, especially if he or she is having an allergic reaction to something. Due to the need to improve care, knowledge, monitoring, and education regarding asthma, the Children's Asthma Prevention Program (Programa Infantil de Prevenção de Asma, PIPA) was implemented along w...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710026

Distracted Driving Prevention Requires More than Just Legislation: Preliminary Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey

Santa Ponce, Will Pho, Cathy Farr and Ruby Skinner

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: September 04, 2019

This work, along with the vast amount of attention surrounding distracted driving led our research team to explore the behavioral and psychological characteristics of people that predispose them to risky behaviors and driving with distractions such as texting or mobile phone use. Our primary objective in this preliminary work is to characterize patterns of distracted behavior among adult drivers and to potentially identify high-risk subsets of our population to target prevention efforts. Based o...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710025

Principal Component Analysis of Morbidity and Mortality among the United States Homeless Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Albert Nguessan Ngo, PhD and David Joseph Turbow, PhD

Article Type: A Systematic Review | First Published: August 09, 2019

A search was conducted for published data for the 20-year period between 1/1/1998 and 12/31/2018. The keywords consisted of the terms: homeless, mortality, morbidity, United States, and health disparities. Data were drawn from cohort studies, observational studies and surveillance reports. Data were then extracted from eleven studies for meta-analysis using PCA....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710024

Health Care Delivery in India - SWOT Analyses

S. Anuradha and Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: August 02, 2019

Healthcare in India is undergoing a change that will meet the demands of the citizens from the village to the metropolitan city level. The National Health policy announced in 2017 is focused on "wellness" of patients and guarantees healthcare with suitable insurance to cover from primary to tertiary care. Ayushman Bharat Mission is a policy that promotes healthcare with a center-state co-operation. Program Indra Dhanush aims to cover immunization of children in rural and urban areas including th...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710023

Out of a Silo, Into Everyday Healthcare: Nutrition Inclusion in Medicine

Julie Babyar, RN MPH

Article Type: Narrative Review | First Published: June 12, 2019

Nutrition science is currently viewed as part of healthcare, in a separate silo Nutrition science is currently not fully integrated into medicine. Food safety, malnutrition, access and quality issues, chronic conditions and obesity are all components of nutritional health, nutritional health is not viewed as a specialty partner with everyday presence. Additionally, research on nutrition is unorganized and lacking....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710022

The Association between Male Circumcision and HIV Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Gazimbi MM, Magadi MA and Kruger C

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 08, 2019

Although both traditional and medical male circumcision are now being promoted as part of strategies for HIV prevention in Africa, particularly in countries with low circumcision prevalence, there are debates on the efficacy of male circumcision in the prevention of HIV at both individual and population levels....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710021

Marriage and Fertility Issues: Ethical Dilemma Faced by Gay with HIV/AIDS in the Context of Chinese Culture

Lin Zhang, Lei Shen, Wei-Ti Chen, Meiyan Sun, Wenxiu Sun, Zheng Zhu and Hongzhou Lu

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: June 06, 2019

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a kind of serious infectious disease caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In the report of World AIDS Day of 2015, the UNAIDS estimated that there are 3690 million HIV affected people and AIDS patients, including 200 million people newly infected with HIV and 1.2 million AIDS-related death that year. There are 15.8 million people living with HIV were accessing antiretroviral therapy as of June 2015. According to the latest AIDS report: by the...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710020

Risk of Legionellosis from Exposure to Water Aerosol from Industrial Cooling Tower

Margita Spalekova, Martina Kotrbancova, Miriam Fulova and Danka Simonyiova

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: June 05, 2019

Community-acquired cases of Legionella infection or even outbreaks can be attributed to inhalation of aerosols from devices such as hot water system, cooling towers, hot tubs, industrial equipment and indoor fountains. Legionellae survive in water in temperatures between 20°C and 50°C and tend to colonize particularly water systems rich of sludge, rust, biofilms and amoebae where they can multiply. Cooling towers (CT) in industry are used as heat-transfer devices in which warm water is...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/IAPHCM-2017/1710019

Knowledge, Practices and Perceptions Regarding the Follow-Up of HIV-Exposed Infants in Cambodia: Perspective of Mothers and Providers

Kunthea Soch, B POCH and Chanbora Chea

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: April 24, 2019

Cambodian Ministry of Health (MoH) is working towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission (eMTCT) of HIV by 2025. According to national policy, following the antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive pregnant women (PW), HIV-exposed infants (HEI) are given antiretroviral prophylaxis for six weeks (PMTCT Guideline 2011), followed by a first PCR test (PCR1) and cotrimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis at six weeks of age, and later followed with an HIV-antibody test (AB-Test) at 18 months. Based ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/IAPHCM-2017/1710018

Being Unprepared for Nuclear Terrorism Would Lead to Panic and Fear in America

Robert Cancro, Kenneth Blum and Eric R Braverman

Article Type: Perspective Type | First Published: April 06, 2019

Chernobyl demonstrated that iodine-131 (131I) released in a nuclear accident can cause malignant thyroid nodules to develop in children within a 300 mile radius of the incident. Timely potassium iodide (KI) administration can prevent the development of thyroid cancer and the American Thyroid Association (ATA) and a number of United States governmental agencies recommend KI prophylaxis. Current pre-distribution of KI by the United States government and other governments with nuclear reactors is p...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/iaphcm-2017/1710017

Opioid Dependence and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Colonization or Infection in Hospitalized Patients in Florida: A Retrospective Study

Carmen Smotherman, Lori Bilello, Katryne Lukens-Bull, Julie Merten and Saran Wells

Article Type: Original Research | First Published: January 07, 2019

Prescriptions for opioid medications has increased during the past two decades. In 2016, there were 17,087 deaths involving prescription opioids, or approximately 46 deaths per day. This is a significant increase from 15,281 in 2015 (p < 0.05). The use of injectable opioids are often associated with skin infections, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between opioid dependence and MRSA colonization or infection in ho...

Volume 3
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