Marijuana and hashish, from the plant Cannabis sativa L, are the illicit drugs most frequently used worldwide. Cannabis is well known for its recreational effects being popular among adolescents and young adults and is often perceived as harmless. Cannabis, however, impairs working and shortterm memory and is associated with decline in academic functioning, impaired driving skills, cognitive impairment, and progression to other illicit substance use....

Few studies have directly examined the health care costs of those who suffer from mental disorder problems. The quality of administrative data has improved to the point where such study is currently possible. We report prevalence and cost results for 16 years of physician billing data comparing the health costs of groups with and without substance and/or other psychiatric disorders. A 16-year dataset containing 95846511 physician-assigned International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnoses a...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between measured clinical outcomes and Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) survey scores in a regional population of children and adolescents admitted to psychiatric services. ACE survey data collected between 2016 and 2020 was linked with demographic, clinical profile, clinical system variables (eg, repeated admissions), and outcome data for those admitted for treatment. Improved and deteriorated categories of clinical outcome were defined...