Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4539/1710021
Attitudes Toward People with Epilepsy in Libya, the Conundrum Continues!
Ashraf M Rajab
Article Type: Commentary | First Published: September 11, 2021
A close and contemplative look at the published neurology literature makes it clear to the reader that epilepsy research possesses more popularity and occupies a higher position in the plethora of scholarly medical writings. Perhaps the reason behind this is that epilepsy nowadays has become more than just transient seizures that are treated with drugs to put an end to seizure recurrence, but rather it is a disease that permeates all aspects of the patient's life. Epilepsy affects not only the p...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4539/1710020
Fragmentation of Apolipoprotein E4 is Required for Differential Expression of Inflammation and Activation Related Genes in Microglia Cells
Troy T Rohn, James D Beck, Stephanie J Galla, Noail F Isho, Tanner B Pollock, Tarun Suresh, Arni Kulkarni, Tanya Sanghal and Eric J Hayden
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 10, 2021
The apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele represents the single greatest risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and accumulating evidence suggests that fragmentation with a toxic-gain of function may be a key molecular step associated with this risk. Recently, we demonstrated strong immunoreactivity of a 151 amino-terminal fragment of apoE4 (E4-fragment) within the nucleus of microglia in the human AD brain. In vitro, this fragment led to toxicity and activation of inflammatory process...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4539/1710019
Clinical and Pre-Clinical Evidence for Enteric α-Synuclein Involvement in Parkinson’s Disease
Eliyahu M Kochman, BS, Kainat Akhtar, BS, Ali Alelayawi, BS and Damian S Shin, MS, PhD
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 08, 2021
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, presenting with the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and motor symptoms. Categorized as a synucleinopathy, the pathological hallmark of PD is intracellular filamentous Lewy bodies (LB), which are formed from protopathic aggregates. The most prevalent of these proteins is the presynaptic protein ɑ-synuclein (α-syn). While commonly attributed to neuronal death in SNpc, postmor...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4539/1710018
Alzheimer’s Disease: Beyond A Genetic Disease
Mostafa Showraki, MD, FRCPC
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 16, 2021
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia or neurodegenerative diseases since the beginning of the past century when it was coined by the German psychiatrist, Alois Alzheimer in 1901 holds an allusive etiology, and as a result failed most treatment and prevention strategies. Despite the common belief among the experts of AD being a genetic disease, the genetic heritability of this disease has such a wide range of 50-80% in twin and family studies that questions the totality of...
