The airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) does not respond well to the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids. However, Podo-Hwan, a prescription in Korean traditional medicine, has been clinically used since the early 1900s for COPD and has reported sustained efficacy. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Podo-Hwan and tulobuterol patch (a transdermal patch formulation designed to provide continuous 24-hour beta 2-agonist effects) treatment...

The prominence of the pulmonary vasculature and/or tortuosity (n = 16) and dilatation of the central PA (n = 39) with RV hypertrophy were frequently observed. The interlobular septal thickening (n = 18, 45%), and centrilobular (perivascular) ground glass opacities (n = 6, 15%) were clearly depicted on gapless HRCT. ...