Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3397/1410038

Is Ligation an Option after Gunshut Injury of the Subclavian Artery?

Yucel Akkas, Bulent Kocer, Gultekin Gulbahar, Ahmet Gokhan Gundogdu and Bulent Ozkurt

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: March 18, 2016

We would like to present this case to emphasize on the importance of rapid and accurate diagnosis leading to lifesaving emergent surgical approach. A 30 year-old male patient was taken to the emergency department after suffering from a gunshot wound. He had right subclavian artery injury. Right subclavian artery was ligated through an infraclavicular incision. The subclavian artery angiography, which was performed postoperatively, demonstrated the right axillary artery to be supplied by the coll...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3397/1410037

A Rare Case of Biliary Atresia and Choledochal Cyst in a Premature Infant

Abigail B Podany, Ryan M Juza, Sosamma T Methratta, Peter W Dillon, Mary C Santos, Brett W Engbrecht, Robert E Cilley, Dorothy V Rocourt and Karmaine A Millington

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 28, 2016

Recent case reports have described variants in the classification of biliary atresia and choledochal cyst requiring the expansion of the classical system for describing these anomalies. This in effect, further obscures the line between these two previously separate entities while highlighting the difficulties of intraoperative differentiation of biliary atresia, cystic biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, and Caroli's disease. In our case report, we describe a 34-week premature infant who develope...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3397/1410036

Transcatheter Embolization of a Large Coronary Artery Fistula in a Child

Gorbatykh A, Krestjaninov O, Soynov I, Voitov A and Nichay N

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 25, 2016

Coronary artery fistula is a rare congenital disease of a coronary circulation. The progress is usually favorable, but in case of a large right atrial coronary fistula a volume overload with a progressing heart failure may occur. Conventional treatment involves fistula's closure using cardiopulmonary bypass. We present a case of endovascular closure of a large coronary artery-to-right atrium fistula....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510029

Micronutrients Deficiencies in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Graziela Biude Silva, Bruna Zavarize Reis and Silvia Maria Franciscato Cozzolino

Article Type: Mini Review | First Published: February 29, 2016

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that predominantly involves synovial joints and affects up to 2% of adults worldwide. Poor nutrient status in RA patients has been reported and some drug therapies, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), prescribed to alleviate RA symptoms, may increase the requirement for some nutrients and reduce their absorption. The importance of micronutrients in this disease is related to their cofactor role in immune system functi...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510028

Research Progress of STK33 in Cancer Biology

Chen Chen and Jianfeng Li

Article Type: Mini Review | First Published: February 29, 2016

In recent years, serine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33) has attracted considerable attention in tumor biology. STK33 displays a heterogenous expression pattern, and in most tissues, expression level is low. It belongs to the CAMK family, and differentiates itself from other members of the CAMK family due to its expression pattern. STK33 is likely to participate in the dynamic changes of intermediate filament cytoskeleton depolymerization by phosphorylating vimentin, and thereby influencing the cell ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510027

JAK2V617F Mutation Affects Downstream LIN28A and HMGA2 Methylation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Chih-Cheng Chen, Chia-Chen Hsu, Kuan-Der Lee, Chia-Chen Chiu, Hong-Chi Chen, Tim H.-M. Huang, Yu-Wei Leu and Shu-Huei Hsiao

Article Type: Mini Review | First Published: February 29, 2016

The lineage/clonal selection theory for cellular transformation may help identify the effector genes whose functions are crucial for MPN tumorigenesis. MPNs originate from hematopoietic stem cells carrying compartmental mutations such as JAK2V617F. JAK2 signaling regulates target gene expression by altering the phosphorylation and nuclear localization of STATs. To provide selectable gene expression that promotes transformation of certain cellular lineages, specific signals relayed to the cell nu...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-570X/1410024

Function of Sirtuins in Cancer Stem Cells

Zhen Dong and Hongjuan Cui

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 08, 2016

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewing cancer cells in tumors that are suggested to be responsible for tumor initiation, progression and relapse. The molecular mechanisms of CSCs biology could provide some novel managements for cancer treatment. Sirtuins, as a family of class III deacetylases, are recently found to play essential roles in the maintenance and differentiation of various cancer stem cells, including glioma stem cells (GSCs), colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs), breast cancer s...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-570X/1410023

Cell-based Therapy for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Can the Agonists of Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone Make a Contribution?

Xianyang Zhang, Norman L. Block and Andrew V Schally

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 04, 2016

Beta cell replacement, to supply the body with cells producing insulin, is considered as one of the most important alternative approaches to the treatment of diabetes. Transplantation of human islets and the resulting progressive improvement of clinical results confirm the approach as a positive trend in this field. Recent progress in beta cell differentiation, deriving from many types of pluripotent stem cells, has potentially provided an unlimited source of β cells for research and clinic...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-570X/1410022

Stem Cell Approach to Generate Cancer Specific Immune Effectors Cells

Sylvie Shen, Ning Xu, Geoff Symonds and Alla Dolnikov

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 04, 2016

The ability to target cancer cells using genetically enhanced immune effector cells armed with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) capable of recognising tumour associated antigen is a novel approach to the treatment of cancer. Remarkable success in early phase clinical trials has demonstrated a potent anti-cancer effect of T cells modified to express CAR (CART cells) targeting CD19+ B-cell malignancies....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3648/1410021

A Comparison of SNaPshot Minisequencing and HRM Analysis in mtSNP Genotyping with Reference Samples from East Timor

Luis Souto, Filipa Tavares, Helena Moreira and Fatima Pinheiro

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: December 28, 2015

The analysis of mtDNA in forensic samples is commonly carried out by direct sequencing of the hyper variable regions of the control region, although with limited power of discrimination. Genotyping SNPs in the coding region of mtDNA can provide additional information and increase the discrimination power of mtDNA typing. In this study, we compare two methodologies for the detection of 9 SNPs in the control region of mtDNA: SNaPshot minisequencing and Real Time PCR, through High-Resolution Meltin...