Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3658/1510072

Incidence and Predictors of First Line Anti-Retroviral Therapy Failure among Adults Receiving HIV Care in North West Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Follow-Up Study

Tsegaw Agezew, MSC, Abilo Tadesse, MD, Lemma Derseh, MPH and Mekonnen Yimer, MD

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 14, 2019

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores immune function and reduces HIV-related adverse outcomes. Patients on ART are recommended to periodic monitoring to ensure effective and durable treatment outcomes. Treatment failure is the main indication for ART switching and assessed by criteria used to define virologic, immunologic or clinical failure. A retrospective follow up study was conducted from June 1, to August 30, 2018 to determine the incidence and associated factors with first line ART failur...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510070

Femoral Fractures in Children Treated in a Regional Trauma Center in Nigeria

SE Ibeanusi and J Chioma

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 14, 2019

Fractures of the femur in children are not as common as those of adults but presents significant morbidity when they do occur. Such fractures present in diverse pattern in terms of age, causes, season, treatment and outcome. Presentation and treatment is influenced by age of the patients, locality of practice, available resources and experience of treating surgeons. To evaluate the pattern of presentation, treatment and outcome of fractures of the femur in children seen in a regional trauma cent...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5858/1510063

Haemoglobin Level in Oldest Old with Active Aging: Analysis of a Brazilian Population

Niele Silva de Moraes, Thais Priscila Biassi, GrazielleMecabo, Elvira Maria Guerra Shinohara, Maysa Seabra Cendoroglo, Thiago Xavier Carneiro and Maria Stella Figueiredo

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 14, 2019

The decline in haemoglobin (Hb) levels with advanced age is a widely known event. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether this is a normal consequence of aging or a feature of age-related comorbidities. The World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of anaemia, although commonly used, was based on small epidemiological data and did not include individuals over 64-years-old. The aim of the present study is to evaluate haemoglobin levels and establish a reference range for a Brazilian population ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510100

Overcoming Barriers to Improve HIV Education and Public Health Outcomes in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Danielle A Walker, Kyle L Johnson, Tara B Thomas, Sandor Dorgo and Jacen S Moore

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 13, 2019

Approximately 37 million people worldwide are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), with the majority located in sub-Saharan Africa. The relationship existing between HIV incidence and socioeconomic inequity confirms the critical need for programs promoting HIV education, prevention and treatment access. This literature review analyzed 36 sources with a specific focus on the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), whose critically low socioeconomic status and education rate have resu...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/ijtd-2017/1710017

The Efficacy of Three Indigenous Plants (Tetrapleura tetraptera, Bridelia ferruginea and Azadirachta indica) as Plant Derived Molluscicides against Fresh Water Snails

Afolabi Olajide Joseph, Ojo Babatunde David and Simon-Oke Iyabo Adepeju

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: March 13, 2019

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by fresh water snail infected with the Schistosoma parasites. The disease is endemic in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America affecting people who are unable to avoid contact with water, either because of their profession or because of lack of reliable source of safe water for drinking, washing and bathing. The study focused on the molluscicidal activities of the oil extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera, Bridelia ferruginea and Azadirachta...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-567X/1510048

Prevalence of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Co-Infection among HIV Infected Adult Patients on HAART in Ogun State, Nigeria

Enitan Seyi Samson, Adekunbi Oluyemisi Ajike, Ihonge John Cletus and Olumide Abiodun

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 13, 2019

Respiratory tract infections with more than one organisms are common in immunosuppressed patients, especially those who are Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most important and dangerous pulmonary bacterial pathogens with global impact. This present study assessed the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection and associated risk factors among HIV infected Adult Patients on Highly A...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-4630/1410086

Perioperative Management in Patients with Factor XI Deficiency

Antoine Legrand, Remi Bouquerel, Antoine Strzelecki, Benjamin Le Gaillard, Christophe Pelletier, Mireille Houadec and Edmundo Pereira de Souza Neto

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: March 13, 2019

White French female patient, 56-years-old, 76 kg, 170 cm, was scheduled for a Left knee arthroplasty. Vital signs (blood pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation and Glasgow coma score) were normal. His ASA physical status was 2 and she had no treatment. Past medical history found a cervicobrachial neuralgia. Past surgical history consisted of bilateral hallux valgus, left knee arthroscopy, blepharoplasty and an ovarian ectopic pregnancy....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5734/1510083

Clusters According to Anxiety Phenotypes Impact on Pain Perception and Muscular Fatigue in Temporomandibular Disorders

Melissa de Oliveira Melchior, MS, Marcelo Oliveira Mazzetto, DDS, MS, PhD and LaIs Valencise Magri, DDS, MS, PhD

Article Type: Cross-sectional Study | First Published: March 11, 2019

Anxiety has a great influence on the painful experience related to Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD), but the association between clusters of anxiety phenotypes and the subjective perception of signs and symptoms was few explored in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of anxiety level on the pain perception experience and fatigue of masticatory muscles in subjects with chronic TMD according to clusters of anxiety phenotypes....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3658/1510071

Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Tunisia: Results of a Multicenter Study

Senda Mezghani Maalej, Jihene Jdidi Trabelsi, Gustave Claude-alexandre, Ilhem Boutiba, Maha Mastouri, Sophia Besbes, Farouk Barguellil, Frederic Laurent and Adnene Hammami

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: March 11, 2019

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a major cause of infections in hospital and community settings is a global health concern. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and the molecular characteristics of MRSA strains causing community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) infections in Tunisia. A total of 135 non-duplicate MRSA strains were consecutively collected from five Tunisian hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done by disc...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2572-4045.1510040

Vitamin D Status before and after Liver Transplantation

Hanna Wisniewska, Marta Bander, Dorota Bander, Aleksandra Biront, Samir Zeair and Marta Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: March 11, 2019

Vitamin D deficiency can cause many health problems and higher mortality. Chronic liver disease impairs vitamin D status by various mechanisms. The aim of our study was to estimate and directly compare vitamin D status in liver recipients before and within six months after LT to see whether there is an impact of restoration of proper liver function on 25(OH)D concentration. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was determined and compared in the group of 110 adult patients before and within six months aft...