Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3001/3/1/1039

Ruptured Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm

Masaru Honda and Takeo Anda

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 30, 2016

A 85-year-old woman was accepted to our institute with complaints of a headache and vomiting after vertigo and left ear tinnitus. Computed tomography (CT) revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT angiography identified an aneurysm at meatal loop of the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). A surgical trapping of aneurysm was performed via retrosigmoid craniectomy. The aneurysm was covered by thinned acoustic nerve and clot was found on the surface of the aneurysm, which penetrated the ner...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3001/3/1/1038

Lateral Basal Space and Interlaminar Fatty Compartment of the Deep Cervical Fascia in the Posterolateral Craniocervical Junction - An Anatomical Basis for the Surgery in the Lateral Skull Base

Katsuyoshi Shimizu, Akira Wada, Mika Kushamae, Ryo Irie, Yuta Kawauchi, Yu Kato, Kazuki Iizuka, Minako Kubo, Yu Sakamoto, Hiromitsu Ezure, Naruhito Otsuka, Tohru Mizutani

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 27, 2016

In the lateral suboccipital area, the restricted space filled with thick muscles, and dangerous structures prevents neurosurgeons to attain safe and successful surgery. Now we have focus on the disposition of fascial layers and potential spaces of the deep cervical fascia in the posterolateral region of the craniocervical junction, which has barely been described before. Investigation with 32 lateral suboccipital surgical cases and 7 cadaveric dissections has revealed the detailed anatomy in thi...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3001/3/1/1037

Aggravated Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy in Postpartum Period: Case Report

Serhan Yildirim, Ahmet Sukru Kulualp, Rahsan Adviye Inan, Alper Arslan and Ulku Turk Boru

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 09, 2016

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an autoimmune disease characterized with multifocal demyelination in peripheral nerves. Hashimoto thyroiditis is autoimmune disease of thyroid gland. We reported a patient having these diseases together in the postpartum period. Twenty-three year-old female patient presented with progressive weakness in lower extremities and walking disability for three months. Symmetric weakness (4/5) in both flexor and extensors of ankle and t...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5750/1510009

Sun Sensitivity and Sunburns as Related to Cutaneous Melanoma among Populations of Spanish Descent: A Meta-Analysis

Leslie K Dennis, Stephanie G Lashway and Marvin E Langston

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: November 16, 2015

Few studies have examined sun sensitivity risk factors for cutaneous melanoma specifically in populations of Spanish descent. Previous searches were conducted in PUBMED for articles on melanoma and sun exposure through 2008. Over 300 articles were reviewed and relevant data was abstracted. These abstract forms were subsequently reviewed for studies in populations of Spanish descent. PUBMED was then examined for more recent studies of melanoma in populations of Spanish descent. Eight appropriate ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510014

Interrater and Intrarater Reliability Using Prechtl's Method of Qualitative Assessment of General Movements in Infants

Joanne S. Katz and Agnes Perenyi

Article Type: Original Research Article | First Published: January 15, 2016

Due to the recent advances in obstetrical and neonatal intensive care, an increasing number of preterm infants survive. The surviving infants have high risk for often multiple morbidities, repeated hospitalizations after discharge and adverse neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes. Several studies suggest improvement in early neurodevelopment in some of the subgroups of preterm infants. Other authors report no improvement or unchanged ND outcomes, especially in very preterm infants....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5866/1510008

Pathological Changes of Astrocytes under Seizure

Shanshan Lu, Fushun Wang and Jason H. Huang

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 09, 2016

Multiple lines of studies support the view that defective functions of astrocytes contribute to neuronal hyper-excitability in the epileptic brain. Autopsy and surgical resection specimens find that post-traumatic seizures and chronic temporal lobe epilepsy may originate from glial scars. Astrogliosis, a component of glial scar, which involves structural and metabolic changes in astrocytes, is often a prominent feature of temporal epilepsy and most animal models of recurrent seizures. Although g...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5866/1510007

Speech Disorder and Behavioral Involvement in a Thalamic Stroke: A Case Report

Paola Caruso, Moretti R and Manganotti P

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: December 14, 2015

Data from literature on clinical manifestation of thalamic strokes have been published for ages. First in 1906 Dejerine e Roussy has spoken about sensory motor disturbances and have opened the door to new pathologic disorders that may occur after thalamic lesions. From 1925 behavior and speech disorders related with thalamic injury were described. Since then a classification of thalamic syndromes into four groups based on the four main arterial territories was accepted. As we know thalamic strok...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410016

Early Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin for X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia

Alfredo Tagarro

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 16, 2016

A recently diagnosed 6-year-old child with XLA was started on SCIG. A loading dose of 6 g, in three consecutive days (2 g/day) was prescribed. Initially, the aim was trough serum IgG over 500 mg/dL. Nevertheless, 15 months later, IgG levels fell below 500 mg/dL, and some infections occurred. A new aim of IgG over 700 mg/dLwas established, after current recommendations. Dose was increased to 3 g every 7 days. IgG levels rose over 700 mg/dL, and infections disappeared. Parental evaluation of quali...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410015

Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 in Response to Aspergillus Fumigatus in Murine Models of Allergic Airway Inflammation

Gabriel Moran, Evelyn Arevalo, Miguel Barria, Alexander Ortloff and Hugo Folch

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: November 27, 2015

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) constitute a protein family of cellular receptors that mediate the recognition of microbial challenges and the subsequent inflammatory response. The role of these receptors in allergic diseases of airways remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate TLR2 and TLR4 expression in the lung in a murine model of bronchial hypersensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus. Different groups of 5-month-old mice (Balb/c) were housed in cages containing hay bedding that w...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410014

Inflammatory Cell Markers in Local Allergic Rhinitis

Senol Comoglu, Ece Comoglu, M. Nesil Keles and Kemal Deger

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: November 06, 2015

Idiopathic rhinitis (IR), previously referred to as 'intrinsic rhinitis' or 'non-allergic perennial rhinitis', is a form of rhinitis that occurs without a known predisposing factor. In fact, IR is a subtype of non-allergic non-infectious rhinitis; the pathophysiology of IR has not been completely elucidated. Negative skin-prick test (SPT) along with the classical symptoms at the time of presentation may lead to misdiagnosis of vasomotor rhinitis. However, vasomotor rhinitis is a form of non-alle...