Open Access DOI:10.23937/ijrdd-2017/1710006
Is Phoenicia the Origin of the N1303K CFTR Mutation?
Raed Farhat, Marie Claude Pasquet, Sandra Corbani, Andre Megarbane, Alain Kitzis and Veronique Ladeveze
Article Type: Commentray | First Published: January 26, 2019
The history of Lebanon, characterized by flows of different ethnic groups, has enabled the introduction of new genes and a wide variety of genetic diseases. The early development of medical services in Lebanon has facilitated the detection of many inherent disorders. CF figures among the 184 reported genetic diseases of the Lebanese population. Even though no epidemiological studies were performed to determine the CF incidence in Lebanon, multiple factors advocate that it could be relatively hig...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510067
Use of Programmed Multilevel Ventilation as a Superior Method for Lung Recruitment in Heart Surgery
Peter Candik, Adrian Kolesar, Martin Nosal, Matus Pauliny, Frantisek Sabol, Viera Donicova, Viliam Donic and Pavol Torok
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: January 26, 2019
During cardiac surgery, extracorporeal circulation (ECC) causes lung injury. In these inhomogenously affected lungs, the pressure control ventilation (PCV) cannot adequately ventilate differently damaged lung compartments. We invented and used original multilevel lung ventilation method named 3-LV based on alternating 3 or more pressure levels, ventilation frequencies and delivered tidal volumes. The goal of this article is to compare lung mechanics in cardiac surgery patient after ECC using sta...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/ijtd-2017/1710013
Macrophage's Arsenal in the Battle against Zaire EBOLA Virus
Michelino Di Rosa and Lucia Malaguarnera
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 25, 2019
Over forty years of extensive research has not yet solved the complexity of Ebola pathogenesis leading to a continued need for a successful cure. This virus has evolved different strategies to counteract immune responses as they are unreceptive to a large portion of the known antiviral drugs and there is no valid treatment as to date for disease created by this pathogen. A plethora of evidences have revealed that monocytes/macrophage contribute significantly in viral pathogenesis....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510066
Altruism: Brief Review of Current Opinions and Implications on Community Emergency Medicine
Oshionwu EJ and Nwose EU
Article Type: Commentary | First Published: January 25, 2019
There are several theories on altruism including the concept of pseudo-altruism. The latter constitute divergent opinion around egoism and socioeconomic status (SES). Review has identified that the conflict between altruistic and pseudo-altruistic theoretical approaches can be resolved by combining elements from both concepts. The objective of this commentary is to advance (1) That there is 'benefit to the helping altruistic individual in all altruism theories; and (2) A unifying viewpoint in te...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3690/1510037
Role of Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases
Quiara Lovatti Alves, Samuel Barbosa Camargo and DarIzy Flavia Silva
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 21, 2019
Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stoke, end-stage renal disease and erectile dysfunction. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and although their etiology were multifactorial, eating habits have been associated with its development. There has been a great deal of interest in studies associating the beneficial effects of food with prevention and tre...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/ncr-2017/1710010
Delayed Revascularization of Basilar Artery Occlusion due to Symptomatic Progression
Pouya Entezami, M Reid Gooch, Emad Nourollahzadeh and John Dalfino
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 21, 2019
The basilar artery is the main arterial contributor to the posterior circulation. Interruptions of this flow can cause devastating strokes and neurological demise. While most patients with a basilar artery occlusion suffer from a high rate or morbidity and/or mortality, a small subset survive but have progressive symptomatic decline. Delayed revascularization of these patients with chronic basilar artery occlusions based on symptomatic progression may provide a favorable risk-benefit ratio, but ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510097
Simple Protocol to Initiate and Intensify Insulin in Primary Care
Faris Matloub
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 21, 2019
The primary care physician often faced with type 2 diabetes that need insulin, usually when two or more oral hypoglycemic agents were tried and failed to maintain target glycemic control, owing to gradual decline in insulin secretion due to reduction of beta cell function. The likelihood for starting insulin is more the longer duration of diabetes. The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study told us that 53% of patients initially treated with sulphonylureas required insulin therapy at 6 years,...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510096
Stigma Remains a Significant Barrier to HIV Knowledge and Treatment in Zambia
Danielle A Walker, Kyle L Johnson and Jacen S Moore
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 21, 2019
Despite high HIV prevalence in Zambia, which lies within the heart of sub-Saharan Africa, early implementation of public policy and programs to effectively manage the burden of disease has insured consistently high testing rates. Zambian strategies to combat the HIV/AIDS crisis employ governmental support for HIV testing and public education and can serve as models for neighboring countries to advance the development of effective testing and treatment initiatives. Although these testing programs...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3516/1410101
Is A Body Shape Index (ABSI) Predictive of Lung Functions?
Mohsen Soltanifar, Chandima Karunanayake, Dinesh Khadka, Raina Henderson, Niels Konehnck, Sylvia Abonyi, James A Dosman, Punam Pahwa, Mark Fenton and the First Nations Lung Health Project and Saskatchewan Rural Health Research Teams
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 19, 2019
The available spirometric lung function equations in Canadian context have been limited to age and height as predictors and Caucasian ethnicity. The plausible equations with other individual predictors and First Nations populations are missing in the current literature. To set an initial investigation in terms of study sample size and simple reference spirometric equations on the association of the set of conventional predictors in companion with two new predictors BMI and ABSI with spirometric ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3658/1510067
Intraleukocytic Yeast Inclusions and Toxic Granulation Neutrophils on Peripheral Blood Smear: An Interesting Synergy between Hematology and Microbiology
Fabio Miglietta, Claudio Palumbo, Fernando Parente, Luciano Velardi, Rosella Matera, Luigi Conte, Michela Dargenio, Maurizio Quarta, Milva Maria Nuzzo, Nicola Di Renzo and Giambattista Lobreglio
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 18, 2019
The presence of yeast neutrophil inclusions was observed and discussed several times in other reports; moreover some works demonstrated how Toxic Granulation Neutrophils (TGNs) are especially helpful in predicting acute bacterial infection, while the development of candidaemia-related TGNs was rarely described and in-depth. We describe two occasional findings of neutrophil inclusions and marked TGNs respectively due to Candida tropicalis and Candida guillermondi on peripheral blood smear....