Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3658/1510085

Implementation of Same-Day Sputum Smears Microscopy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Programmatic Qualitative Study

Boja Dufera Taddese, KumeraTerfa Kitila, Abay Sisay Misganaw, Daniel Melese Desalegn, Tinsae Kidanemariam Hailu and MeronSeifu Tebeje

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 19, 2019

In countries that have ensured effective External Quality Assessment (EQA) sputum smear microscopy, World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the implementation of same-day smear sputum microcopy. In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the status of the same-day sputum smear microcopy implementation was not yet assessed. In-depth interview of Health Care Providers (HCPs) at Outpatient Departments (OPDs), clinical laboratories and Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) centres was conducted to ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3658/1510084

Older Persons with HIV in Canada

Phan Sok

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: July 18, 2019

Thanks to the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy, the number of older patients living with HIV, usually defined as individuals over 50 years of age, has markedly increased everywhere in the world. The aim of this review is to describe the epidemiology and special needs of older persons with HIV in Canada now and in the near future. It is estimated that, by 2025 in Canada, one in six of all HIV-infected adults will be over 50 years of age. Most will reside in Ontario, Quebec, and British Co...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3648/1410045

In silico Characterization of Rad51a Interactions with Cancer-Related Proteins

Kleber Santiago Freitas e Silva

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 28, 2019

RAD51a is a highly conserved protein and its major role is the repair of DNA double strand breaks. Endogenous species are generated during normal cell metabolic activities and can cause damage to DNA, as well as several environmental factors. The interactions RAD51a perform with other proteins help the maintenance of oncogenetic metabolism within cells. RAD51a interacts with PCNA, FANCD2 and ABL1, among many other cancer-related proteins. PCNA acts as a DNA clamp and is related to the replicatio...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510107

Paraquat Poisoning: Survival after Oral Ingestion

Sarah Allen, MD, Mario Gomez, MD, Alice M. Boylan, MD, Kristin B. Highland, MD, Anthony Germinario, MD, Michelle McCauley, MD and Michael Malone, MD

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: July 20, 2019

A 52-year-old caucasian male farmer from Walterboro, South Carolina presented to the Medical University of South Carolina Health-University Medical Center in August, one hour after ingestion of 20 oz of a 50/50 water/paraquat preparation, with suicidal intent, complaining of nausea and emesis of blue colored fluid. His vital signs were normal on admission other than an increased blood pressure of 159/92 mmHg. Upon presentation, physical examination was within normal limits. Plasma levels of para...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510106

Osteoporosis: Bisphosphonate Therapy in Postmenopausal Women

Amber Rowe, Erin Zamora and Tamera Pearson

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: July 19, 2019

Osteoporosis is the deterioration of bone tissue and strength, which leads to an increased risk of fractures. Postmenopausal women are at increased risk for osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates have long been the mainstay of osteoporosis treatment to prevent fractures, especially hip fractures by increasing bone mineral density. Extending treatment to up to 10 years is currently recommended. In lieu of possible adverse events such as atypical fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw, drug holidays are an...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-1353/1510100

Knowledge of Safe Abortion and Associated Factors among Female Students in Debre Markos University, Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016: A Cross Sectional Study

Biru Abdissa, Abayneh Aklilu, Endeshaw Admasu and Sagni Girma

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 22, 2019

Unsafe abortion was recognized problem worldwide which accounts 7.9% and 10% of all maternal mortality in the world and Ethiopia respectively. Nearly all unsafe abortions (98%) occur in developing countries. Even though the abortion penal code of Ethiopia was amended in 2005, to permit safe abortion under a set of some criteria, there is high number of unsafe abortion rate nationally (28/1000) and among University students (65/1000), from which only 50% was safe abortion which may be due to the ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-1353/1510099

Histological Modifications of Postmenopausal Vaginal Mucosa after Regenerative Solid State Laser Treatment: A Multicenter Study

D Dodero, F Frascani, M Angelucci, G Bernabei, E Merlo, F Locatelli, D Recalcati and F Murina

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 17, 2019

Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is a condition afflicting more than 50% of women and nowadays has changed his name in Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) due to the multiple aspects involved having an adverse impact on quality of life. Many treatment are now available and laser represent a new powerful option. The aim of this work is assess the histological effect of a new type of non-ablative laser, Solid State Vaginal Laser (SSVL), on vaginal tissue in women treated for GSM....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5718/1510135

Complex Hip Spine Syndrome in Young Athlete: A Diagnosis Dilemma

Mohamad Azwan Aziz and Redzal Abu Hanifah

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: July 20, 2019

This is a case of Mr. D, a 32 Chinese gentleman. He is an active in recreational body building exercise for 10 years with an athletic physique. He was diagnosed with prolapse intervertebral disc in the past 7 years however his condition worsening for the past 3 years with multiple episode of severe back pain requiring admission and he develops reduces sensation over left lower limb at L3 and L4 dermatomes associated with reduced motor power in dorsiflexion of ankle and extension of big toe over ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3516/1410116

Diagnostic Yield of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy for the Evaluation of Chronic Cough in Patients with Normal Chest X-Ray

Zainab Syed, Ro- Jay Reid and Roberto Solis

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 25, 2019

Approximately 30 million annual clinic visits are attributed to cough in the United States. Moreover, evaluation and management of persistent cough in pulmonary clinics account for roughly 40% of patient volume. The most common etiologies are: Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), asthma, non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB) and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) - all of which are treatable. However, despite avoidance of triggers and medical therapy, there remains an elusive diagnosi...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510054

Use of the Electrical Stimulation Therapy in the Lower Esophageal Sphincter for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Paediatric Patients, Two First Cases Reported

Rodrigo Hipolito Cifuentes, Rene Carmona Barba, Antonio Vega Valdes and Placido Espinosa Rosas

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 18, 2019

One female patient, on chronic acid-suppressive therapy who underwent successful laparoscopic implantation of the LES stimulation system, surgery time 1 hour, trans surgical endoscopy with absence of perforation, closure of pillars; measured by GERD daily symptom diaries the patient symptoms improved soon. Two weeks after the surgery, the patient reported better symptom control without the intake of PPI, and the absence of heartburn and regurgitation. One month follow-up with esophageal ph shows...