Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410152
Type 3 Diabetes? Evaluation of the Noradrenergic System in Diabetic Rats by Underexpression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Central Nervous System
Géssica De Mattos Diosti Klockner, Fernanda Christo Lovato, Rebeca Loureiro Rebouças, Laura Ingrid Volkweis Langer, Ingrid Oliveira Hoegen, Maria Luiza Ronkoski, Stephanie Rubianne Silva Carvalhal, Luiz Martins Collaço, Camila Marques and Luiz Fernando Kubrusly
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: December 09, 2021
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic inflammatory state that leads to potentially degenerative changes in brain metabolism. Sustained pictures of hypoinsulinemia trigger phosphorylation of the tau protein and production of amyloid plaques, forming senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in brain tissue. Diabetic patients have a higher incidence of cognitive impairment and a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most common type of dementia characterized by chronic neurodegene...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410151
Therapeutic Efficacy and Antihyperglycemic Properties of Catharanthus roseus for Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Dhrithi Tummala
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: December 09, 2021
Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of metabolic diseases, in which the patient experiences high levels of blood glucose due to an insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas (Type I diabetes) or an inability of his/her body to respond to the insulin produced (Type II diabetes). Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) is a plant that belongs to the Apocynaceae family, and has long been used as a natural medicine for Type-1 and Type-2 diabetes in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. This systematic r...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510131
Acute Delirium and Difficult Sedation Weaning in ICU Thiamine Deficiency Maybe a Possible not Uncommon Cause
Magdy Khames Aly, Ms
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: December 10, 2021
This is a case of 54-years-old critically ill H1N1 ARDS patient with prolonged ventilation and sedation and difficult weaning from sedation and mechanical ventilation. The case gives spotlight on not uncommon cause of delirium and failure of weaning in critically ill patients which is Vitamin B1 deficiency and how it is underestimated and should be put in mind while management those patients. Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin that is absorbed in the jejunum by 2 processes. When the thiamine le...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510130
Acupuncture Induced Multiorgan Failure
Nageswar Bandla, Andreea Mihai and Stephen Lord
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: December 10, 2021
Dating back to 100 BC, acupuncture has been performed safely for centuries for a wide range of medical conditions. Although a technically invasive procedure, reports of adverse incidents in the medical literature are thankfully very rare. We present a case of acupuncture induced multisensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia and septic shock, resulting in multiorgan failure and a prolonged intensive care stay. This case report serves to remind clinicians that although the overall risk o...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510128
Dexamethasone versus Methylprednisolone in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Divyansh Bajaj, MD, Ankit Agrawal, MD, Manasvi Gupta, MD, Gaurav Manek, MD, Kurt Hu, MD and Umesha Boregowda, MD
Article Type: Original Research | First Published: November 18, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to millions of deaths throughout the world. Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that steroids reduce mortality in severe COVID-19 infection. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended dexamethasone as the first line of treatment. However, methylprednisolone is being used as the steroid of choice in many countries worldwide. We sought to perform a systematic review and metaanalysis to compare the outcomes with the use of these tw...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5696/1410071
Coagulation Abnormalities in Pregnant Women with COVID-19
Vladimir Y Khryshchanovich, MD and Natalia Y Skobeleva, BS
Article Type: Letter to Editorial | First Published: December 18, 2021
Late pregnancy and the early postpartum period are characterized by the so-called physiological hypercoagulation: The concentration of blood clotting factors I, II, VIII, IX, X increases twice, the functional activity of platelets increases, and the fibrinolytic activity of serum decreases. On the one hand, the prothrombotic status reduces the risk of massive blood loss in childbirth, and on the other - creates prerequisites for the development of venous thromboembolism. In the context of assess...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2690-3164/1710012
Critical Limb Ischaemia for Thrombosed Common Femoral Artery Aneurysm: A Successful Hybrid Treatment
Orellana Dávila Bernardo, MD, Fresilli Mauro, MD, Oddi Fabio Massimo, MD, Diotallevi Nicolò, MD, Ascoli Marchetti Andrea and Ippoliti Arnaldo
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: December 13, 2021
True atherosclerotic aneurysms of the common femoral artery (CFA) are rare and often associated with other peripheral or aortic aneurysms. Degenerative aneurysms of the lower extremity most commonly involve the popliteal artery, while they are rarely detected in the femoral region. In this region, aneurysms most frequently involve the common femoral artery (CFA), whereas true aneurysms of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) represent only 15% to 25% of femoral arterial aneurysms. We report a ca...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5742/1510079
Comparative Effectiveness of Single-Dose of Fosfomycin vs. Cefoxitin Plus Ciprofloxacin as A Prophylaxis to Prevent Transrectal Prostate Biopsy Complications
JM Abascal Junquera, Lluis Fumadó Ciutat, Blanca Gasa Galmes, Santiago Grau Cerrato, Marcos Busto Barrera, Juan P Horcajada, Nuria Juanpere Rodero, Marina Munarriz Polo, Anna Sanromà Salvà, Laura Polaina Barroso, Carles Solà Marqués, Raquel Checa Sánchez and Lluis Cecchini Rosell
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: December 13, 2021
The antibiotic prophylaxis for prostate biopsy is not well established, usually is based on fluoroquinolones, but there is an increase of resistance. We explore the efficacy of Fosfomycin trometamol in comparison with ciprofloxacin plus cefoxitin as prophilaxis of this procedure. A total of 432 transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsies were performed: 241 patients received prophylaxis with cefoxitin 2 g i.v. 1 hour before the procedure combined with ciprofloxacin 750 mg p.o. 1 hour before ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-3966/1710048
External Multicenter Validation of the Mehran Risk Score for Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Nashwa Abdulsalam
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: December 16, 2021
Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a known complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Mehran Risk Score (MR score) has been previously shown to predict CIAKI, renal replacement therapy (RRT), and one-year mortality in patients undergoing PCI. The purpose of our study was to externally validate the MR score. To examine the utility of the MR score we reviewed records of 931 adult patients who underwent PCI in 2005 at 3 academic medical centers. Patients with acute myoca...