Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3656/1410031
Right Sided Approach for a Pacemaker Insertion in the presence of Persistent Left Sided Superior Vena Cava: A Pacing Challenge
Edupuganti Mohan Mallikarjuna Rao, Hakan Paydak and Jawahar Mehta
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 25, 2015
Persistent Left sided superior vena cava is a rare congenital anomaly that can complicate a variety of cardiac procedures. We present a patient where a persistent superior vena cava was encountered unexpectedly during routine pacemaker insertion. The condition was diagnosed on the table and greatly lengthened the operating time. Given the situation and an absence of a pre procedure diagnosis the surgeon had to be innovative and invent approaches to navigate the complex anatomy on the spot....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3656/1410030
Symptomatic Cervical Perineural (Tarlov) Cyst: A Case Report
Zibis H. Aristeidis, Fyllos C. Apostolos and Arvanitis L Dimitris
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 23, 2015
Introduction: Perineural cysts, also known as Tarlov cysts, are benign cerebrospinal fluid-filled cysts of the spinal cord. They were first described by IM Tarlov in 1938. Case presentation: We describe a Tarlov cyst located in the cervical spine, a location quite rare in literature. The patient is a 44-year-old woman who presented with a 3-week history of radicular symptoms of the right C6 root. A perineural cyst was identified at the C5-6 level after Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the cervical ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-346X/1410025
Supratentorial Anaplastic Ependymoma with Bilateral Papilledema
Meghan Berkenstock, Matthew Keisling, Jinglan Liu, Judy Mae Pascasio, Ayman Samkari, Prithvi Narayan, Melandee Brown, Erica Poletto, Christos D Katsetos and Myron Yanoff
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: June 01, 2015
Ependymomas constitute the third most common histological type of CNS tumor in children. Compared to classic cellular ependymoma (WHO grade II), anaplastic ependymoma is a more aggressive and less common subtype of ependymal neoplasm. We report a case of a supratentorial anaplastic ependymoma in a child presenting with a right sixth nerve palsy with bilateral papilledema. To our knowledge, the ophthalmic findings presented herein have not been previously reported in the context of this tumor typ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-346X/1410024
Multimodal Imaging of Retinal Angiomatous Proliferation Showing Finger-Like Lesions of the Outer Retina
Shiraaz I Rahman, Mihai Mititelu and Rukhsana G Mirza
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 25, 2015
Retinal Angiomatous Proliferation (RAP) is a process that occurs in patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) in which retinal capillaries proliferate and invade posteriorly into the choroid. RAP lesions have a characteristic appearance of finger like projections at the level of the outer retina which can resemble inflammatory neovascularization. This case report describes a patient with RAP who received consecutive intravitreal injections of aflibercept....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510005
Rationing of Healthcare Services: An Economic Critique
Peter Zweifel
Article Type: Orginal Research | First Published: June 06, 2015
The starting point of this contribution is the fact that budgets imposed by health policy makers induce rationing, causing inefficiencies in the market for medical services. In addition, inefficiencies spill over into the market for health insurance. In a second step, rationing itself is explained as the outcome of supply and demand for regulation. It is shown that the mere existence of health insurance creates a demand for rationing that increases over time....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5793/1510004
Testosterone Effects on the Prostate Gland: Review of Pathophysiology and considerations in Prostate Cancer
Cory Wilczynski and Lily Agrawal
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: May 21, 2015
Testosterone replacement therapy is currently contraindicated in men with a history of prostate cancer. Despite this, new data is emerging in multiple retrospective studies and case reports of testosterone replacement therapy use after treatment for prostate cancer with results that call into question the contraindication. The goal of this paper is to review the association between androgens and the prostate gland physiology and pathology, and analyze the data available concerning the issue of t...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5777/1510003
Childhood Maltreatment Trauma: Relevance for Adult Physical and Emotional Health. A Review
Lindsay Hamilton, Valerie Micol-Foster and Maria Muzik
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: June 04, 2015
Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a widespread public health concern in the U.S. as it affects almost four million children annually. The adverse consequences of CM can be seen across development from attachment disturbances and developmental delays in infancy to an increased risk for conduct and emotional problems in later childhood and adolescence. In addition, the associations between CM and negative outcomes have been traced as far as adulthood to mental and physical wellbeing of adult survivor...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5777/1510002
A Metabolic Stress Fracture of the Mandibular Condylar Head
Sabah Kalamchi and Trent C Clifton
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 02, 2015
Fractures of the mandibular condyle and neck are very common with well recognized anatomical features. This patient sustained an anatomically unusual right condylar head fracture with subluxation secondary to ictal myocontraction where there was no fall or facial trauma during or after the seizure. Investigation suggested an underlying disturbance in bone metabolism. We found one case report of mandibular stress fracture as a result of reflexive myo contraction of the temporalis and lateral pter...