Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510022

Potential Clinical Applications of Next Generation Fluorescence Immunohistochemistry for Multiplexed and Quantitative Determination of Biomarker in Breast Cancer

Hiroshi Tada, Kohsuke Gonda, Minoru Miyashita and Noriaki Ohuchi

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 03, 2016

Assessing breast cancer tissues for expression of multiple biomarkers, such as the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki67, provides critical information for patient management. However, the predictive power of these biomarkers for the selection of personalized therapeutic approaches is still limited. Application of fluorescence immunohistochemistry (IHC) has offered some promising breakthroughs in the multiplexed imaging and ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510021

Intracellular Effectors of Synaptic Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's and other Neurodegenerative Diseases

Zen Kouchi

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 01, 2016

Synaptic morphogenesis and plasticity are regulated by neuronal activity to form efficient neuronal networks based on somatosensory inputs or behavioral experiences. Enhanced neuronal activity triggers reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in presynaptic compartments and induces coordinated changes in apposed postsynaptic density with actin dynamics. Numerous cell-adhesion molecules are involved in these processes, and classical cadherins are most characterized and important for synaptic form...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510020

A De Novo Malignant Mixed Tumor (Carcinosarcoma) of the Parotid Gland: Case Report

Hussam F Tallab, David E Ricklan and Peter J Catalano

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 29, 2016

True malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas) of salivary gland origin are exceedingly rare and demonstrate malignant epithelial and stromal components. The subject of this case study is a 61 year-old male who presented with mild left facial swelling with minimal discomfort and without a mass of the parotid gland. He underwent CT imaging which demonstrated a cystic lesion of the parapharyngeal space. CT guided fine needle aspiration of the lesion failed to demonstrate malignancy. The patient ult...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510019

Anemia Investigation Reveals a Primary Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome

Antonio Proenca Caetano, Ines de Figueiredo, Francisco Tortosa, Anabela Ferrao and Cristina Ferreira

Article Type: Case Report and Review of Literature | First Published: January 08, 2016

Sea-blue Histiocyte Syndrome (SBHS) is a rare and poorly understood systemic histiocytosis that is sometimes associated with haematological and lipid storage diseases as well as other miscellaneous conditions, but in most cases its cause is unknown. Patients often have very disparate clinical features but share the same histological findings of sea-blue histiocytosis in the bone marrow, i.e. characteristic lipid-laden macrophages with deep-blue or blue-green granules when stained with Romanovsky...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510018

Pathologic Reporting of the Surgical Margin after Radical Prostatectomy: Considerations for Improving Oncologic Prognostication

Michael J. Whalen and Michael B. Rothberg

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 06, 2016

Positive surgical margins (PSM) after radical prostatectomy have been identified as an adverse pathological feature predictive of higher rates of biochemical recurrence, distant metastasis, and cancer-specific mortality compared to negative margins. Such observations underlie the rationale for adjuvant radiotherapy for locally advanced disease or positive margins. Even without adjuvant radiotherapy, however, not all patients who have a positive margin will recur. While other adverse pathological...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510010

Inadvertent Late Migration of Jugular Catheter and Bilateral Pleural Effusion and Pneumomediastinum

Yiheng Wang, Lixian He, Xiaoling Hu, Zhigang Zhou, Hong Zhou

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 30, 2016

The authors report an inadvertent late migration of right jugular catheter and the unexpected complications. Postoperative computed tomography reveals bilateral pleural effusion and pneumomediastinum. We speculate that the migration during the maintenance or multiple attempts of placing a guidewire damaged the wall of right brachiocephalic vein or superior vena cava, and punctured through right pleura and anterior mediastinal leading into the complications....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5718/1510036

Four Weeks of Balance Training does not Affect Ankle Joint Stiffness in Subjects with Unilateral Chronic Ankle Instability

Tarang Kumar Jain, Clayton N. Wauneka and Wen Liu

Article Type: Original Research Article | First Published: January 15, 2016

Balance training has been shown to be effective in preventing ankle sprain recurrences in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) but the biomechanical pathways underlying the clinical outcomes are still unknown. This study was conducted to determine if a 4-week balance training intervention can alter the mechanical characteristics in ankles with CAI....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5718/1510035

The Effect of Dynamic and Static Stretching on Golf Driving Performance

Graeme G. Sorbie, Julien S. Baker, Yaodong Gu and U. Chris Ugbolue

Article Type: Original Research Article | First Published: January 11, 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dynamic and static stretching warm-up routines on golf driving performance. Three different components were tested; namely carry distance, accuracy and ball contact. Twelve male competitive golfers took part in the experiment. Two supervised warm-up treatments were tested on nonconsecutive days. Each subject was randomized to either a dynamic stretching (DS) or static stretching (SS) routine. The DS and SS protocols consisted of nine stretch...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5718/1510034

Correlations between Vitamin D Concentrations and Lipid Poanels in Active Duty and Veteran Military Personnel

Ashlyn M. Hiserote, Cristobal S. Berry-Caban, Qiang Wu and Laurel M. Wentz

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: January 07, 2016

Vitamin D deficiency is common in the United States and has been associated with dyslipidemia along with additional cardiovascular conditions. Dyslipidemia raises the risk for cardiovascular disease and has been linked to symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military personnel. The purpose of this study was to identify significant correlations between serum vitamin D and lipid panel concentrations in active duty and veteran military personnel. This analysis examined 3,053 unique ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5718/1510033

Caribbean Sports and Nutrition: Focus on the Glycemic Index

Fitzroy J. Henry

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 05, 2016

Caribbean athletes have displayed their admirable talents at global events for many years. More recently, they have become world champions and record holders. Given the small size of the Caribbean population these mighty achievements are truly remarkable. Even more remarkable is the fact that these athletes seldom utilize one of the most important performance enhancers - nutrition this paper highlights the value of appropriate uses of carbohydrate, particularly the glycemic index, in various spo...