Open Access DOI:10.23937/2572-4142.1510007
Investigation of Serum Levels of Leptin, Ghrelin and Growth Hormone in Bahraini Children with Autism
Zuheir Ahmed Hasan, PhD, Ghada Al-Kafaji, PhD, Maryam Isa Al-Sherawi, PhD, Rima Abdul Razzak, PhD, Diab Eltayeb, PhD, Cristina Skrypnk, MD, PhD and Moiz Bakhiet, MD, PhD
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: March 11, 2019
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Recent research suggests a possible role of hormonal abnormalities in the pathogenicity of autism. In this investigation, we measured serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, and growth hormone (GH) in 40 age-matched Bahraini children, 20 with autism (16 males and 4 females) and 20 healthy children (13 males and 7 females). Hormonal levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3631/1510030
Applications of Physical Restraint and Developing a Rating Scale
Ezgi BULUT ALTUNKESER and Esra AKIN KORHAN
Article Type: Original Research | First Published: March 11, 2019
The research was planned as a methodological study with the aim of determining nurses' behavior in the application and evaluation of physical restraint and to establish the validity and reliability of the scale developed. The population of the study consisted of all of the nurses working at a teaching and research hospital in the province of Izmir, Turkey. The study was carried out among nurses (N = 302) using Nurses' Identification Form and a Physical Restraint Application and Evaluation Scale...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-4630/1410085
N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Post Cardiac Surgery as a Predictor of Ventilator-Weaning Outcomes
Wacharin Sindhvananda, MD, MPH, PhD, Chonlada Bunpeth, MD and Nuthathai Chareonkulnawanun
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: March 09, 2019
An increase of NT-proBNP has been proved to be a predictor for ventilator weaning failure in several medical conditions. However, relation between NT-proBNP and ventilator-weaning outcomes after cardiac surgery has not yet been elucidated. This study was to investigate relationship between blood NT-proBNP and ventilator-weaning outcomes. A prospective analytical study was at Cardiovascular-thoracic intensive care unit. Cardiac-surgery patients (age 18-80 Y, consented and without exclusion criter...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5742/1510055
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Rare Entity Associated to Poor Prognosis
M Chraibi1 and M Barqui
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: March 08, 2019
Neuroendocrine Small cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder is a rare tumor. Pure Small Cell Carcinoma is uncounted from 0.5 to 1% of all primitive urinary tumors. The diagnosis is based on transurethral resection. The old age, and smoking are putative risk factors. A genetic predisposition is unknown. Pure SCC of the bladder display metastasis and lymph nodes. Viscera and vertebral bones are the most common sites of the metastasis. Painless gross hematuria is the most common clinical featu...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-9004/1410142
Incarcerated Retroverted Uterus Manually Replaced in 24 Week Pregnancy
Lucy May, Susan Rutter, E H Whitby and Adam Temple
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 28, 2019
An incarcerated uterus is a rare obstetric complication, with a reported incidence of 1 in 3000 pregnancies. It occurs when a retroverted uterus does not resolve beyond mid-gestation and the uterine corpus becomes confined in the hollow of the sacrum. This causes the cervix to become displaced above or against the pubic symphysis. Retroversion of the uterus occurs in 15% of pregnancies and is considered a normal anatomical variation and usually resolves to an anteverted position by 14-16 weeks g...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3682/1510130
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage due to a Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation
J Kelly Smith
Article Type: IMAGE ARTICLE | First Published: March 08, 2019
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) have an estimated prevalence of 10-18 per 100,000 persons. They consist of a nidus which connects arteries and veins in the absence of an intervening capillary bed. The absence of a capillary network allows for high-flow AV shunting that can be sufficient in some cases to increase cardiac output and cause a systolic-diastolic bruit heard over the ipsilateral cranium, eye, and/or forehead. Resulting shear stresses on the vessel walls can dilate and cause ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2572-4193.1510056
The Psychiatric Aetiologies of Epistaxis
Lewis William Murray
Article Type: RESEARCH ARTICLE | First Published: March 08, 2019
Both epistaxis and mental health disorders are common conditions encountered in medical practice and whilst there have been investigations into individual psychiatric conditions and epistaxis, to date no overview has been published of these conditions. This review aims to summarise the various aetiologies and their managements in the setting of epistaxis. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Medline Ovid, and the Cochrane library using the terms epistaxis, mental health, psychiatric, ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/ijrdd-2017/1710007
Cladribine in the Treatment of Systemic Mastocytosis, a Review of the Literature
Marlies EHM and Van Hoef, MD, Phd, MBA
Article Type: REVIEW ARTICLE | First Published: March 07, 2019
Mastocystosis is a rare disease for which treatment with cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine) was first reported in 2001. Cladribine has meanwhile been administered in over hundred reported cases and is available for intravenous and subcutaneous administration. Cladribine has mainly been used in systemic mastocytosis and in larger series responses were obtained in over 50% of cases in which treatment with H1/H2 blockers, interferon or tyrosine kinase inhibitors did not induce a response. Literatu...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/iacod-2017/1710010
Can Cochlear Implantation Improve Voice in Speaking Children?
Rabeea A El Sabeela and Safinaz N Azab, MD
Article Type: RESEARCH ARTICLE | First Published: March 07, 2019
After cochlear implantation fundamental frequency did not change significantly. However, an improvement was noticed in measurements of jitter (p = 0.006) and shimmer (p = 0.021) as early as 6 months after the implantation. The noise-to-harmonic ratio improved (p = 0.010) 12 months after implantation. The children implanted before or at the age of 4 years showed a significant improvement in jitter (p = 0.003) and shimmer (p = 0.004) as early as 6 months noise-to harmonic ratio (p = 0.021) 12 mont...