Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5807/1510107

Clinicopathological Correlation and Varied Histomorphological Changes in Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis (XGC)

Sufian Zaheer, Minakashi Chouhan, Sachin S Kolte and Rashmi Arora

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: April 23, 2020

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare inflammatory disease of the gallbladder characterized by focal or diffuse destructive inflammation of the gall bladder comprising of mainly chronic inflammatory cells, fibrous tissue and lipid laden macrophages. The present study correlated the clinicopathological findings and studied the various histomorphological changes in Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC). In a period of one year from January 2018 to June 2019, 22 patients were diagnose...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410048

Association of Growth Differentiation Factor 5 (GDF5) Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Knee Osteoarthritis in Saudi Population

Amani A Alrehaili, Khadiga A Ismail, Ashjan Shami, Maha K Algethami, Hadeer W Elsawy and Amal F Gharib

Article Type: Original Research | First Published: May 08, 2020

Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the most prevalent joint diseases. Reduced patient life quality and productivity represent a major personal and community strains. GDF5 gene is involved in the development of bone and cartilage. Studies reported a clear and highly reproducible association between susceptibility of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and GDF5. This study aims to detect GDF5 gene polymorphism and to evaluate its association with susceptibility to KOA....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410121

The Use of Artifical Intelligence in Assessing Glucose Variability in Individuals with Diabetes Type 2 from Routine Primary Care Data

Ljiljana Trtica Majnarić, MD, PhD, František Babič, MSc, PhD, Zvonimir Bosnić, Marijana Zekić- Sušac, PhD and Thomas Wittlinger, MD, PhD

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: May 06, 2020

A-proof-of-concept study, conducted in primary care. A total of 63 variables were used from electronic health records to describe clinical characteristics of 110 individuals with diabetes type 2 of both gender, 40-86 years old (average 62.69), and on treatment with oral hypoglycaemic drugs. The artificial neural networks (ANN) of machine learning techniques was used to model inter-day glucose variability based on the estimation of variances (the square of the standard deviation) of sporadically ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510106

Flying Blind: Early Outcomes Following Implementation of Formal Critical Care Services in a Low-Resource Setting

Elizabeth M Stoeckl, BS, Kristin L Long, MD, MPH and Emnet Tesfaye, MD

Article Type: Commentary | First Published: May 14, 2020

Global health endeavors in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) have traditionally emphasized humanitarian relief and primary care. Increasingly, specialty services, such as critical care medicine, are recognized as key components of sustainable, effective health care systems, even in settings with constrained resources. We illustrate the successful implementation of critical care services at Hawassa University teaching hospital in Ethiopia. Although not without challenges, the introduction o...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510105

Simulation Education to Advance Emergency Medicine and Pediatric Critical Care in Nepal

Roshana Shrestha MD, Lisa Alianiello CNP, Shaza Aouthmany MD, Fenil Kholwadwala MD, Nicholas Deluga MD, Kevin Nguyen MD, Kris Brickman MD and Anmol Shrestha MD

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 06, 2020

Internationally emergency medicine is a relatively young specialty that is increasingly recognized for its potential for growth. In low middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nepal resources are quite limited and the development of new specialties such as emergency medicine can be slow to evolve. Specific areas of emergency care, including pediatric critical care have significant challenges due to clinical and educational limitations in countries like Nepal. Countries with robust healthcare system...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2690-3164/1710005

Extensive Tissue Necrosis: A Rare but Catastrophic Complication of Sclerotherapy

Paul Robert Weaver

Article Type: Short Commentary | First Published: March 12, 2020

While sclerotherapy may seem safe, catastrophic complications have been reported, including local and systemic adverse reactions. For example, extensive tissue necrosis and cerebrovascular accident (stroke) Patient selection is vital and treating physicians should be aware of all potential complications and discuss them with their patients, prior to treatment, to obtain informed consent. Physicians also need to be prepared to manage catastrophic complications that could lead to amputation or dea...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4512/1710040

In vitro Effects of Probiotics on Clostridium Difficile Toxin Production and Sporulation

Valeria De Las Casas, Sam Miller, Herbert DuPont and Zhi-Dong Jiang

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: May 09, 2020

Strains 052 and 055 showed the greatest toxin- neutralization activity for C. difficile 43255, while neutralization against toxin of strain 027 was seen only by BS, 055 and CVS. Of interest, the least active probiotic, PC, contained 10 different probiotic strains, demonstrating that containing more probiotic strains may not confer more activity. All probiotics showed anti-sporulation effects against C. difficile strain 087 strain, while the most active inhibitors of sporulation for C. difficile ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3658/1510120

Further Evidence of a Possible Correlation between the Severity of Covid-19 and BCG Immunization

Serge Dolgikh

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: April 30, 2020

In this work we observe a number of cases supporting the possible correlation between the administration of BCG tuberculosis vaccine and the severity of Covid-19 effects in the population proposed in the earlier works. Based on the early preliminary analysis of the publicly available data we propose a number of arguments and observations providing further support for the correlation hypothesis and make an observation that the effectiveness of the protection effect of BCG immunization, if confirm...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4474/1710033

The Imaging Features of AIDS-Related Primary CNS Lymphoma; Case Series and Literature Review

Shunsuke Yanagisawa, Yuya Sakakura, Shota Ozaki, Ryuichi Noda, Yuta Tamai, Makiko Fujitani, Masato Inoue and Tetsuo Hara

Article Type: Case Series and Literature Review | First Published: May 01, 2020

Primary CNS lymphoma is rare primary brain tumor. Meanwhile there are given number of acquired immune deficiency syndrome related primary CNS lymphoma. This brain tumor was reported that it showed ring enhancement in contrast MRI or CT. Here we analysed six acquired immune deficiency syndrome related primary CNS lymphoma cases. All cases showed ring enhancement in contrast MRI. The central low uptake and peripheral high uptake were observed in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET, and these imaging featur...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510081

Study on Accuracy of Blind and Ultrasound-Guided Arthrocentesis of Hip Joint

Lyubomir Sapundzhiev, Tanya Sapundzhieva, Anastas Batalov, Marya Staikova, and Sevdalina Lambova

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 09, 2020

Ninety-six patients with uni- or bilateral radiologically proven hip osteoarthritis (OA) were included in the study. A total number of 187 hip joints were injected. One blind arthrocentesis by lateral approach was performed on each patient. The accurate position of the needle was verified by a following injection of 0.5-1.0 ml contrast and radiological assessment. After seven days, the same patients (187) underwent a second arthrocentesis under US guidance....