Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3397/1410124

Extraordinary Pattern with Brain Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer with Five Cases: Survival Impact of Cranial Metastesectomy. Do or Not To Do?

Emre Bilgin, MD and Berna Bozkurt Duman

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: February 12, 2021

Ovarian malignancies primarily disseminate through the peritoneal cavity and are only superficially invasive. They rarely metastasise through the haematogenous route, but that occurs in the presence of heavy peritoneal disease. Colon and brain metastasis are rare entity and both of them in one patient is in our first case with slightly elevated Ca125 level. Four cases had single and the other had multiple cranial metastasis with no evidence of the disease in the other part of the body. The brain...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3397/1410123

Breast Fibromatosis Case Series and Literature Review

Thuraya Al Yazidi, Suad Al Aghbari, Badryia Al Qassabi and Marwa Al Riyami

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 30, 2021

Fibromatosis or desmoid tumor is a benign tumor that rarely affects the breast. It represents 0.2% of all breast tumors and 4% of all extra-abdominal desmoid tumors. Wide local excision with adequate safety margins is considered the standard of care. We report three cases of breast fibromatosis who were presented to and operated in the sultan Qaboos University. All of these cases underwent wide local excision. After close regular follow up now for six months no local recurrence was reported. Fib...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3397/1410122

Unusual Sites of Metastasis of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review

Awadh Alqahtani

Article Type: Systematic Review | First Published: January 30, 2021

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies secondary to ovarian cancer. Its incidence has surged swiftly than that of any other malignancy in recent years. Well-differentiated thyroid cancers (WDTC) are relatively common and usually slow-growing tumors with a good prognosis, including three types: Papillary, follicular, and Hürthle cell carcinoma. The first metastatic sites of these types of cancer typically involve lymph nodes, lungs, brain, and bones. The PICOT included a...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5734/1510126

Two Case Reports of C-Shaped Mandibular Premolars with Three and Four Root Canals

Mohammed Sarhan Alzahrani

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 11, 2021

Commonly, the mandibular premolars’ root canal system is complex and usually requires special management skills in root canal treatment. The occurrence of three root canals in the mandibular first premolar is relatively uncommon. Furthermore, the four root canals in the second premolar are extremely rare and clinically quite challenging to manage. Proper knowledge of the root canal anatomy and delicate radiographic interpretation and clinical inspection is essential for successful root canal t...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5734/1510125

Influence of Access Cavity Design on Fatigue Resistance of Reciproc Blue: Conservative vs. Truss Access

Giacomo Corsentino

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: February 10, 2021

Several factors including the access to the root canal systems could influence the fatigue of rotating or reciprocating endodontic instruments. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of conservative (CAC) and truss access cavity (TAC) preparation on the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic nickel-titanium (NiTi) files. A total of sixty extracted human intact mandibular molars were selected and assigned to CAC or TAC group (n = 30). All samples received root canal treatment. A total of...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5734/1510124

The Importance of Reducing the Viral Load in the Oral Cavity

Michelle Moron Araújo

Article Type: Short Report | First Published: February 06, 2021

Coronavirus infection has been considered by the WHO (World Health Organization) as a global pandemic. Since its origin, it has posed a threat to global health, not so much because of its symptoms, but because of its rapid spread, contagion and the respiratory complications that it produces in patients with other chronic underlying conditions. The oral cavity has a high viral load, which is very important for oral hygiene and all biosafety protocols. In this year 2020, the world population has b...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3001/1410107

Peripheral Neuropathies after Bariatric Surgery: A Current Review

Aluísio Stoll, MD, MsC, Dedi Ferreira Alves Neto, Évelin Pereira da Silva, Kéli Daiane Papes, Maria Carolina MianoSelbach, Matheus Fellipe Nascimento de Souza, Letícia Caroline Breis, Laura Fiuza Parolim, MD, Pedro José Tomaselli, MD, MsC, PhD4 and Marcus Vinícius Magno Gonçalves, MD, PhD

Article Type: Non-Systematic Review | First Published: February 06, 2021

Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective method for sustained weight loss and better quality of life. However, it has its complications. Among those, peripheral neuropathies are important, although underdiagnosed, complications after the surgery. The objective of this article is to describe the most prevalent peripheral neuropathies that may happen after BS, especially focusing on small fiber neuropathies, and the main nutritional deficits involved in these neuropathies. Further studies are needed...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2643-4539/1710018

Alzheimer’s Disease: Beyond A Genetic Disease

Mostafa Showraki, MD, FRCPC

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 16, 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia or neurodegenerative diseases since the beginning of the past century when it was coined by the German psychiatrist, Alois Alzheimer in 1901 holds an allusive etiology, and as a result failed most treatment and prevention strategies. Despite the common belief among the experts of AD being a genetic disease, the genetic heritability of this disease has such a wide range of 50-80% in twin and family studies that questions the totality of...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3419/1410144

CXCR4 Antagonist AMD3100 (Plerixafor) Modulates Immune Responses in the Tumor Microenvironment

Ziyao Liu, Jingzhe Wang and Huabiao Chen

Article Type: Mini Review | First Published: January 30, 2021

AMD3100 (Plerixafor), a specific antagonist of CXCR4, is the most potent small molecule non-peptide inhibitor to CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 (SDF-1) expressed in a variety of tumor cells play an important role in regulating tumor biological behavior. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the environment around a tumor, comprising blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, signaling molecules and the extracellular matrix which are involved in tumor growth, i...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2474-3674/1510114

A Rare Combination of Bilateral Obstructing Ureteral Stones, Acute Kidney Injury and Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis: A Case Report

RPJ Boxma, MG Vervloet and JJ Haitsma

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 05, 2021

Metformin associated lactic acidosis is a severe and potentially fatal condition. We here report a severe metformin-associated lactic acidosis in acute kidney injury caused by bilateral obstructing ureteral stones as an extremely rare combination of pathologies. Early treatment with bicarbonate infusion and subsequent acute haemodialysis was provided. As a result, respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation was prevented and the patient was discharged several days after the event. The patient...