Table 2: Poor sleep quality measures according to number of reported Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE).
|
Poor Sleep Quality Category |
Crude Risk Ratio (95% CI) |
Adjusted* Risk Ratio (95% CI) |
|
Sleep apnea or other sleep disorder |
Yes |
No |
|
|
Any ACE |
44 |
402 |
1.86 (1.00, 3.45) |
2.10 (1.06, 4.16) |
One ACE |
6 |
142 |
0.76 (0.29, 1.98) |
0.64 (0.22, 1.86) |
2-3 ACEs |
17 |
146 |
1.96 (0.96, 4.00) |
2.71 (1.17, 6.30) |
4+ ACEs |
21 |
112 |
2.95 (1.50, 5.80) |
3.91 (1.70, 8.99) |
No ACEs |
12 |
214 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Breathing pauses |
Yes |
No |
|
|
Any ACE |
44 |
402 |
1.06 (0.65, 1.74) |
1.12 (0.63, 1.99) |
One ACE |
10 |
139 |
0.72 (0.35, 1.49) |
0.74 (0.33, 1.68) |
2-3 ACEs |
15 |
148 |
0.99 (0.53, 1.86) |
1.05 (0.49, 2.22) |
4+ ACEs |
19 |
115 |
1.53 (0.85, 2.73) |
2.02 (0.95, 4.31) |
No ACEs |
21 |
205 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Loud Snoring |
Yes |
No |
|
|
Any ACE |
120 |
326 |
0.98 (0.76, 1.27) |
1.00 (0.68, 1.47) |
One ACE |
34 |
115 |
0.83 (0.58, 1.20) |
0.83 (0.50, 1.37) |
2-3 ACEs |
41 |
122 |
0.92 (0.65, 1.29) |
0.88 (0.53, 1.43) |
4+ ACEs |
45 |
89 |
1.22 (0.89, 1.68) |
1.42 (0.84, 2.39) |
No ACEs |
62 |
164 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Short sleep duration |
Yes |
No |
|
|
Any ACE |
122 |
324 |
1.18 (0.90, 1.58) |
1.18 (0.80, 1.74) |
One ACE |
36 |
113 |
1.05 (0.72, 1.52) |
1.00 (0.60, 1.65) |
2-3 ACEs |
46 |
117 |
1.23 (0.87, 1.73) |
1.28 (0.79, 2.08) |
4+ ACEs |
40 |
94 |
1.30 (0.91, 1.85) |
1.29 (0.76, 2.19) |
No ACEs |
52 |
174 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Difficulty falling or staying asleep |
Sometimes/Often |
Rarely/Never |
|
|
Any ACE |
252 |
194 |
1.40 (1.17, 1.68) |
1.88 (1.34, 2.63) |
One ACE |
77 |
72 |
1.28 (1.03, 1.60) |
1.51 (0.99, 2.32) |
2-3 ACEs |
92 |
71 |
1.40 (1.14, 1.73) |
1.93 (1.26, 2.93) |
4+ ACEs |
83 |
51 |
1.54 (1.25, 1.89) |
2.23 (1.39, 3.58) |
No ACEs |
91 |
135 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Feeling poorly rested in the morning |
Sometimes/Often |
Rarely/Never |
|
|
Any ACE |
328 |
122 |
1.17 (1.04, 1.32) |
1.60 (1.13, 2.27) |
One ACE |
107 |
44 |
1.15 (0.99, 1.33) |
1.49 (0.95, 2.33) |
2-3 ACEs |
114 |
52 |
1.12 (0.97, 1.29) |
1.36 (0.87, 2.10) |
4+ ACEs |
107 |
29 |
1.26 (1.10, 1.45) |
2.06 (1.23, 3.47) |
No ACEs |
140 |
86 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Trouble staying awake during the day |
Sometimes/Often |
Rarely/Never |
|
|
Any ACE |
148 |
298 |
1.56 (1.18, 2.07) |
1.79 (1.22, 2.63) |
One ACE |
47 |
102 |
1.49 (1.05, 2.10) |
1.67 (1.03, 2.69) |
2-3 ACEs |
49 |
114 |
1.42 (1.00, 2.00) |
1.61 (1.00, 2.59) |
4+ ACEs |
52 |
82 |
1.83 (1.31, 2.54) |
2.16 (1.30, 3.61) |
No ACEs |
48 |
178 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
Number of poor sleep quality indicators |
3 or more |
Less than 3 |
|
|
Any ACE |
198 |
248 |
1.43 (1.15, 1.79) |
1.72 (1.22, 2.44) |
One ACE |
58 |
91 |
1.26 (0.95, 1.66) |
1.41 (0.90, 2.19) |
2-3 ACEs |
68 |
95 |
1.35 (1.03, 1.76) |
1.55 (1.00, 2.40) |
4+ ACEs |
72 |
62 |
1.73 (1.35, 2.23) |
2.30 (1.42, 3.71) |
No ACEs |
70 |
156 |
1.00 (ref) |
1.00 (ref) |
*Adjusted for assigned sex at birth, age at questionnaire completion, maternal educational level, paternal occupation, and number of older siblings.