Table 2: Sample
characteristics by sex and PSQI sleep quality; Rancho Bernardo, California
|
|
Women |
Men |
||||
|
Characteristics |
Good Sleep Quality ( n = 151) |
Poor Sleep Quality (n = 152) |
p-value |
Good Sleep Quality (n = 104) |
Poor Sleep Quality (n = 64) |
p-value |
|
Age, [years], mean ± SD |
72.5 ± 9.1 |
74.6 ± 8.4 |
0.06 |
74.2 ± 7.9 |
74.1 ± 8.7 |
0.94 |
|
Height, [in], mean ± SD |
63.3 ± 2.4 |
63.3 ± 2.6 |
0.91 |
68.8 ± 2.7 |
69.4 ± 2.9 |
0.20 |
|
Weight, [lb.], mean ± SD |
144.2 ± 28.3 |
153.1 ± 32.1 |
0.02 |
186.1 ± 32.9 |
190.1 ± 27.9 |
0.37 |
|
BMI, [lb./in2 ], mean ± SD |
25.3 ± 4.5 |
26.9 ± 5.4 |
0.01 |
27.6 ± 4.2 |
27.9 ± 3.9 |
0.71 |
|
Marital Status (n =
468) |
|
|
0.22 |
|
|
1.00 |
|
Married/Living together as
if married |
108 (71.5) |
64 (61.5) |
|
136 (89.5) |
56 (91.8) |
|
|
Widowed/Divorced/Separated |
40 (26.5) |
37 (35.6) |
|
14 (9.2) |
5 (8.2) |
|
|
Single |
3 (2.0) |
3 (2.9) |
|
2 (1.3) |
0 (0.0) |
|
|
Kyphosis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flexicurve, mean ± SD |
12.4 ± 3.3 |
12.9 ± 3.0 |
0.25 |
12.2 ± 2.6 |
11.9 ± 2.6 |
0.49 |
|
General health (n =
468) |
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
0.01 |
|
Excellent/Very good |
104 (68.7) |
57 (54.8) |
|
105 (69.1) |
31 (50.8) |
|
|
Good/Fair/Poor |
47 (31.1) |
47 (45.2) |
|
47 (30.9) |
30 (49.2) |
|
|
Smoking status (n =
467) |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
0.06 |
|
Never |
88 (58.3) |
52 (50.5) |
|
77 (50.6) |
22 (36.1) |
|
|
Past |
54 (35.8) |
50 (48.5) |
|
72 (47.4) |
35 (57.4) |
|
|
Current |
9 (6.0) |
1 (1.0) |
|
3 (2.0) |
4 (6.5) |
|
|
Alcohol (n = 410) |
|
|
0.73 |
|
|
0.30 |
|
Daily or almost every day |
46 (35.9) |
37 (41.2) |
|
67 (49.3) |
21 (37.5) |
|
|
Three or four times a week |
18 (14.1) |
11 (12.2) |
|
20 (14.7) |
9 (16.1) |
|
|
Once or twice a week |
23 (18.0) |
11 (12.2) |
|
18 (13.2) |
6 (10.7) |
|
|
Once or twice a month |
12 (9.4) |
11 (12.2) |
|
13 (9.6) |
11 (19.6) |
|
|
Less often than once a month |
29 (22.6) |
20 (22.2) |
|
18 (13.2) |
9 (16.1) |
|
|
Calcium supplement
use, % Yes (n = 468) |
81 (53.6) |
63 (60.6) |
0.27 |
43 (28.3) |
23 (37.7) |
0.18 |
|
Vitamin D current,
% Yes (n = 468) |
81 (53.6) |
63 (60.6) |
0.27 |
33 (21.7) |
20 (32.8) |
0.09 |
|
Estrogen ever, %
Yes (n = 251) |
116 (77.3) |
79 (78.2) |
0.87 |
- |
- |
|
|
Estrogen current, %
Yes (n = 195) |
26 (22.4) |
19 (24.1) |
0.79 |
- |
- |
|
|
Exercise ≥ 3 times/week, %Yes (n = 467) |
110 (73.3) |
64 (61.5) |
0.05 |
114 (75.0) |
48 (78.7) |
0.57 |
|
Emphysema,
%Yes (n = 457) |
5 (3.4) |
6 (5.8) |
0.37 |
1 (0.7) |
2 (3.4) |
0.19 |
|
Diabetes,
%Yes (n =
468) |
9 (6.0) |
12 (11.5) |
0.11 |
22 (14.5) |
8 (13.1) |
0.80 |
|
Arthritis,
%Yes (n = 476) |
24 (16.0) |
39 (37.9) |
<0.01 |
17 (11.2) |
16 (26.2) |
<0.01 |
|
Depression,
%Yes (n = 467) |
17 (11.3) |
21 (20.2) |
0.05 |
10 (6.6) |
9 (14.7) |
0.06 |
Abbreviations: SD = standard deviation; in. = inches; lb. = pound; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index