Socio demographic, laboratory parameters, and disease activity of studied groups (n = 90).

Table 1: Socio demographic, laboratory parameters, and disease activity of studied groups (n = 90).

Active LN

N = 30

Inactive LN

N = 30

Controls

N = 30

p-value

Socio demographic

Age

Mean (SD) years

32.90 (12.23)

38.27 (12.19)

35.60 (12.72)

0.250

Gender

Male (n, %)

Female (n, %)

0 (0)

30 (100)

2 (6.67)

28 (93.33)

11 (36.67)

19 (63.33)

< 0.001

Marital Status

Married (n, %)

Unmarried (n, %)

21 (70)

9 (30)

22 (73.33)

8 (26.67)

16 (53.33)

14 (46.67)

0.223

Race

Malay (n, %)

Chinese (n, %)

29 (96.67)

1 (3.33)

25 (83.33)

5 (16.67)

29 (96.67)

1 (3.33)

0.085

Disease Duration

Months

80.97 (71.64)

98.03 (91.11)

< 0.001

Occupation

Employed (n, %)

Unemployed (n, %)

16 (53.33)

14 (46.67)

23 (76.67)

7 (23.33)

14 (46.67)

16 (53.33)

0.061

Laboratory parameters

Serum C3

Mean (SD) (g/l)

Serum C4

Mean (SD) (g/l)

Anti-dsDNA

Positive: 1:10-1:160, n(%)

Negative: < 1:10, n(%)

U_prot/U_creat

Mean (SD)

Disease activity

SLEDAI

Mean (SD)

0.80 (0.38)

0.16 (0.09)

18 (60.0)

12 (40.0)

2.32 (4.95)

10.20 (5.53)

0.99 (0.25)

0.23 (0.11)

8 (26.7)

22 (73.3)

0.20 (0.32)

2.57 (2.54)

1.09 (0.20)

0.25 (0.07)

0.05 (0.03)

0.001

0.009

0.004

< 0.001

rSLEDAI

Mean (SD)

6.93 (3.14)

< 0.001

Abbreviations: LN = Lupus Nephritis; C3 = Complement 3; C4 = Complement 4; anti-dsDNA = Anti-double stranded DNA; Uprot/Ucreat = Urine Protein/urine Creatinine; SLEDAI = Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; rSLEDAI = Renal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index. p < 0.05 is significant.