Table 3: Demographic and clinical risk factors associated with pulmonary cavity (multivariable model).
| Characteristic | aOR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value | 
| Gender | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Female (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Male | 1.32 | 0.91, 1.92 | 0.15 | 
| Age (years) | 0.97 | 0.94, 1.00 | 0.1 | 
| Age Category (years) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| < 35 years | - | - | 
 | 
| 35-49 years | 1.67 | 0.87, 3.21 | 0.13 | 
| 50-64 years | 2.33 | 0.90, 6.17 | 0.085 | 
| > 65 years | 4.37 | 1.16, 17.0 | 0.031 | 
| Occupation | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Higher (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Specialized sec | 1.51 | 0.56, 4.14 | 0.4 | 
| Secondary | 1.9 | 0.78, 4.60 | 0.2 | 
| Primary | 3.97 | 2.01, 8.12 | < 0.001 | 
| No education | 1.59 | 1.04, 2.43 | 0.032 | 
| Homeless | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| No (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Yes | 2.27 | 1.28, 4.18 | 0.006 | 
| MDR | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| No | - | - | 
 | 
| Yes | 2.13 | 1.57, 2.89 | < 0.001 | 
| Isoniazid Resistance | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| No (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Yes | 7.86 | 1.61, 61.0 | 0.021 | 
| Rifampin Resistance | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| No (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Yes | 0.54 | 0.07, 2.77 | 0.5 | 
| Ethambutol Resistance | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| No (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Yes | 0.84 | 0.33, 2.00 | 0.7 | 
| HIV Status | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Negative (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Positive | 0.68 | 0.38, 1.23 | 0.2 | 
| Treatment Failure | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| No (ref) | - | - | 
 | 
| Yes | 2.29 | 1.68, 3.12 | < 0.001 | 
1OR: Adjusted Odds Ratio; 1CI: Confidence Interval.