Table 1: Association between in-hospital mortality and quantitative variables.
Quantitative variables |
Mean ± SD (Number) |
Survivors 45.7% (n = 63) |
Non-survivors 54.3% (n = 75 ) |
P value |
Age |
71.17 ± 7.98 (138) |
69.90 ± 7.66 (63) |
72.23 ± 8.13 (75) |
0.089 |
LOS at the hospital (days) |
12.48 ± 8.00 (111) |
13.74 ± 7.47 (47) |
11.55 ± 8.30 (64) |
0.154 |
CCI |
5.91 ± 2.81 (129) |
4.98 ± 2.37 (62) |
6.76 ± 2.93 (67) |
0.001 |
Number of comorbidities |
2.93 ± 1.52 (137) |
2.58 ± 1.47 (62) |
3.23 ± 1.51 (75) |
0.013 |
Number of used medications during hospitalization |
11.52 ± 3.56 (58) |
11.36 ± 3.50 (42) |
11.94 ± 3.78 (16) |
0.584 |
Creatinine |
1.83 ± 1.58 (121) |
1.35 ± 1.16 (56) |
2.25 ± 1.78 (65) |
0.000 |
Onset of symptoms before hospitalization (days) |
7.96 ± 7.17 (98) |
7.49 ± 4.87 (39) |
8.27 ± 8.39 (59) |
0.599 |
BUN |
44.32 ± 32.19 (114) |
26.24 ± 15.51 (52) |
59.48 ± 34.73 (62) |
0.000 |
AST |
46.28 ± 41.29 (118) |
47.39 ± 50.15 (54) |
45.34 ± 32.39 (64) |
0.790 |
ALT |
40.03 ± 40.05 (117) |
37.00 ± 47.86 (53) |
42.54 ± 32.40 (64) |
0.459 |
Sodium level |
132.58 ± 19.20 (89) |
130.99 ± 24.25 (54) |
135.02 ± 5.24 (35) |
0.336 |
Albumin |
3.09 ± 0.57 (106) |
3.34 ± 0.43 (46) |
2.90 ± 0.60 (60) |
0.000 |
TLC |
10.02 ± 4.73 (117) |
8.17 ± 3.09 (59) |
11.90 ± 5.36 (58) |
0.000 |
Hemoglobin |
11.22 ± 2.42 (128) |
12.13 ± 2.25 (60) |
10.41 ± 2.29 (68) |
0.000 |
NLR |
6.78 ± 6.25 (23) |
4.60 ± 1.95 (15) |
10.88 ± 9.28 (8) |
0.099 |
LDH |
395.60 ± 158.83 (82) |
348.31 ± 168.67 (39) |
438.49 ± 137.67 (43) |
0.009 |
Platelets |
225.27 ± 115.43 (126) |
232.93 ± 85.53 (59) |
218.52 ± 136.77 (67) |
0.487 |
Total bilirubin |
1.18 ± 3.11 (54) |
1.35 ± 3.75 (37) |
0.80 ± 0.34 (17) |
0.545 |
D-dimer |
49.39 ± 485.43 (106) |
1.51 ± 2.66 (47) |
87.54 ± 650.58 (59) |
0.367 |
CRP |
111.00 ± 98.82 (100) |
78.88 ± 94.39 (51) |
144.44 ± 92.86 (49) |
0.001 |
Ferritin |
761.99 ± 727.91 (101) |
735.74 ± 681.65 (46) |
783.95 ± 770.02 (55) |
0.742 |
Normal range of TLC (4-10 × 103/µL), Hemoglobin (12-15 g/dl), Platelets (150-410 × 103/µL), BUN (8-20 mg/dl), Creatinine (0.6-1.2 mg/dl), Albumin (3.5-5.7 g/dl), Sodium (136-145 Mmol/L), Total bilirubin (0.3-1 mg/dL), ALT (7-52 IU/L), AST (13-39 IU/L), LDH (140-271 IU/L), D-dimer (Up to 0.500 µg/mL), CRP (< 6 mg/L), Ferritin level (13-150 ng/mL).