The periodontal parameter values and salivary flow rate of the study groups.

Table 2: The periodontal parameter values and salivary flow rate of the study groups.

Groups

Parameters

Gingivitis

(n = 21)

Stage III Periodontitis

(n = 23)

Stage IV periodontitis

(n = 36)

PPD (mm)

Mean ± SD

95% CI (L-U)

Min - Max

1.63 ± 0.34^a

1.47-1.79

1.01-2.73

2.86 ± 0.60^b

2.60-3.11

1.77-4.67

3.40 ± 0.80^c

3.13-3.67

1.67-5.43

AL (mm)

Mean ± SD

Min-Max

3.09 ± 0.80^a

1.67-5.12

4.57 ± 1.22^b

2.92-7.84

5.76 ± 1.42^c

3.05-8.94

Mean ± SD

95% CI (L-U)

Min-Max

1.79 ± 0.69^a

1.48-2.11

0.75-3.00

1.97 ± 0.72^a

1.64-2.31

0.16-3.00

2.28 ± 0.57^b

2.07-2.49

1.20-3.00

BOP %

Mean rank

28.41^a

37.78^b

49.30^b

PISA (mm²)

Mean rank

19.05^a

47.30^b

48.67^b

PESA (mm²)

Mean ± SD

95% CI (L-U)

Min-Max

807.32 ± 319.02^a

662.11-952.54

336.66-1635.22

1693.25 ± 513.16^b

1471.35-1915.16

745.88-2735.59

1395.71 ± 576.10^b

1200.78-1590.63

459.09-2840.79

SFR (ml/min)

Mean rank

46.93 ^a)

33.63 ^b)

28.68 ^b)

PPD: Probing pocket depth; AL: Clinical attachment loss; PI: Plaque index; BOP: Bleeding on probing; PISA: Periodontal inflamed surface area; PESA: Periodontal epithelial surface area. SD: Standard deviation; SFR: Salivary flow rate; CI: Confidence interval for mean; L: Lower Bound; U: Upper bound; Min: Minimum; Max: Maximum Different Lowercase Letters indicate Statistically Significant Differences (P < 0.05; Kruskal-Wallis; ANOVA Analysis).