Table 1: Gait classification schemes*.

CLASSIFICATION

EXAMPLES

DRAWBACKS

Phenomenological

Antalgic
Spastic
Hypokinetic-rigid

Pathophysiology not taken into account.

Anatomical

Frontal
Cerebellar

Different anatomical lesions may
present with similar gait patterns.
A given anatomical lesion may present
with different gait patterns.

Hierarchical

Lower level
Intermediate level
Higher level

Symptom overlap between levels.
Subdivisons of higher level category
difficult to use in clinical practice.
Higher level often abused as basket
term for poorly understood disorders.

Etiologic

Neurodegenerative
Vascular

Ancillary studies or post-mortem often
Needed.

* From Snijders et al. 2007.