Table 1: Results of multivariate and univariate analyses of variance and a posteriori comparisons.
CNT: control subjects; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; DMI: mild dementia; DMO: moderate dementia.
| Diagnostic group | Main effect | Interaction | ||||||||||
| CNT | MCI | DMI | DMO | "time of day" | "time of day" x "diagnostic group" | |||||||
| a.m. | p.m. | a.m. | p.m. | a.m. | p.m. | a.m. | p.m. | |||||
| Measure | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | F | p | F | p |
| Fluency/semantic memory (multivariate) | 2.479 | 0.064 | 0.801 | 0.615 | ||||||||
| Phonemic fluency | 12.76 (4.28) | 9.71 (3.28) | 7.11 (2.42) | 6.40 (3.36) | 6.60 (3.27) | 8.29 (6.02) | 5.07 (2.64) | 4.75 (3.80) | ||||
| Semantic fluency | 22.00 (4.97) | 18.14 (5.64) | 16.33 (3.00) | 13.20 (2.39) | 11.04 (2.86) | 11.04 (5.31) | 8.21 (3.36) | 7.00 (3.28) | ||||
| Boston naming test | 14.29 (1.05) | 13.71 (2.56) | 13.44 (1.24) | 12.60 (1.82) | 12.32 (1.67) | 11.75 (2.19) | 10.00 (3.06) | 9.33 (2.67) | ||||
| Episodic memory (multivariate) | 0.355 | 0.840 | 0.652 | 0.798 | ||||||||
| Word list: learning | 19.75 (2.82) | 19.29 (2.98) | 16.44 (3.40) | 18.40 (4.88) | 11.58 (4.79) | 11.32 (3.85) | 8.64 (3.67) | 8.00 (3.81) | ||||
| Word list: delayed free recall | 6.94 (1.44) | 6.43 (0.53) | 5.67 (1.32) | 5.60 (1.82) | 2.47 (1.90) | 1.89 (1.81) | 1.21 (1.67) | 1.42 (1.44) | ||||
| Word list: percent of recognition | 98.75 (2.24) | 97.86 (2.67) | 88.89 (11.93) | 91.00 (7.42) | 82.55 (12.85) | 80.89 (14.85) | 68.21 (11.54) | 74.58 (15.88) | ||||
| Figure drawing: delayed recall | 8.44 (2.78) | 8.71 (3.25) | 6.33 (1.80) | 4.80 (1.30) | 2.49 (2.54) | 3.25 (3.31) | 0.43 (0.85) | 1.08 (2.23) | ||||
| Trail-Making tests (multivariate) | 4.765 | 0.004 | 2.425 | 0.011 | ||||||||
| TMTA | 45.33 (25.42) | 63.42 (36.36) | 73.00 (43.71) | 64.60 (30.79) | 159.00 (73.40) | 132.48 (56.83) | 190.33 (68.20) | 173.10 (55.24) | 0.511 | 0.476 | 1.477 | 0.224 |
| TMT B | 111.53 (49.73) | 154.71 (71.95) | 198.67 (58.67) | 265.91 (43.10) | 278.97 (50.23) | 275.88 (58.95) | 298.28 (9.83) | 297.70 (8.51) | 6.582 | 0.012 | 2.872 | 0.039 |
| T = -1.646, p = 0.115 | T = -2.694, p = 0.027 | T = 0.237, p = 0.814 | T = 0.143, p = 0.888 | |||||||||
| TMT B/TMT A | 2.51 (0.89) | 2.65 (1.25) | 3.06 (1.24) | 5.08 (1.87) | 2.32 (1.14) | 2.85 (1.05) | 1.93 (0.91) | 1.90 (0.62) | 7.366 | 0.008 | 2.606 | 0.055 |
| T = -0.292, p = 0.773 | T = -2.453, p = 0.030 | T = -1.918, p = 0.059 | T = 0.091, p = 0.929 | |||||||||
| MMSE | 28.41 (1.12) | 28.57 (1.40) | 26.00 (3.71) | 27.00 (1.22) | 22.81 (2.77) | 23.32 (2.60) | 16.93 (3.91) | 16.08 (3.00) | 0.126 | 0.723 | 0.482 | 0.695 |
| Figure drawing | 10.50 (0.89) | 10.57 (0.79) | 10.00 (1.66) | 7.60 (0.89) | 8.60 (2.04) | 8.43 (2.04) | 6.86 (2.66) | 6.25 (2.63) | 3.368 | 0.069 | 1.270 | 0.287 |