Table 1: Characteristics of the subjects and families (N = 59).

Variable	Classification	No.	%	Variable	Classification	No	%
Father age (mean: 47.0Y SD: 7.23Y) Mother age (mean: 43.4Y SD: 6.67Y) Subjects with TS (mean: 29.7Y, SD = 6.1Y) Age: patients with TS (mean:16.51 Y SD: 8.76Y)	33-40 Y 41-50 Y 51-60 Y > 60 Y 33-40 Y 41-50 Y 51-60 Y 23-30 Y 31-36 Y ≤ 10Y 11-20 Y 21-36 Y	4 9 5 1 11 14 5 6 4 9 15 12	21.1 47.3 26.3 5.3 36.7 46.6 16.7 60.0 40.0 25.0 41.7 33.3	Residence location Ethnicity Family structure	Rural Urban Suburban Town Taiwanese Hakka Chinese Extended Nuclear Single-parent Live with others	7 41 8 3 46 4 9 7 47 4 1	11.9 69.4 13.6 5.1 78.0 6.8 15.3 11.9 79.6 6.8 1.7
Occupation	Professional Technique Administrator Skilled worker Labor/Household/none	2 15 14 9 19	3.4 25.4 23.7 15.3 32.2	Family development	Preschool School Adolescent Adult Retired	5 14 24 15 1	8.5 23.7 40.7 25.4 1.7
Education	6 Y 9 Y 12 Y 14 Y 16 Y > 16Y	3 3 17 19 14 3	5.1 5.1 28.8 32.2 23.7 5.1	Family power structure Decision maker	Father Mother Grandmother Others Mother & father Grandparents	24 19 1 4 10 1	40.7 32.2 1.7 6.8 16.9 1.7
Monthly income TWN$	< 20,000 20,000-30,000 30,000-40,000 40,000-50,000 50,000-60,000 60,000-70,000 70,000-80,000 80,000-90,000 > 90,000	4 3 6 6 6 6 5 6 17	6.8 5.0 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 8.5 10.2 28.7	Problem-solving Power to propose idea/plan	Father Mother Others Mother & father Direct Indirect	23 22 6 8 52 7	38.9 37.3 10.2 13.6 88.1 11.9
Marital status	Married Separated Divorced Single	45 1 3 10	76.3 1.7 5.1 16.9	TV time	0 hours 1-3 hours 4-7 hours	3 47 9	5.1 79.6 15.3