Table 3: Participants' characteristics of knowledge on obstetric fistula causes, risk factors, and symptoms.
Obstetric fistula indicators |
Intervention group (n = 140) (n = %) |
Comparison group (n = 67) (n = %) |
p-value |
|
Ever heard obstetric fistula |
140 (54.1) |
67 (25.9) |
< 0.001 |
|
How to describe obstetric fistula |
|
|
|
|
Continuous leakage of urine |
114 (81.4) |
40 (59.7) |
0.001 |
|
Continuous leakage of urine and or feces |
17 (12) |
23 (34.3) |
|
|
The continuous odor of urine |
9 (6.4) |
4 (6) |
|
|
Describe obstetric fistula |
140 (54.1) |
63 (24.3) |
< 0.001 |
|
Source of information |
|
|
|
|
Health extension worker |
123 (63.7) |
34 (17.6) |
0.004 |
|
Family and friend |
55 (28.5) |
22 (11.4) |
0.079 |
|
School |
15 (7.8) |
7 (3.6) |
0.568 |
|
Media |
46 (23.8) |
5 (2.6) |
0.076 |
|
Causes ofobstetric fistula |
|
|
|
|
Knows prolonged labor as a cause of fistula |
No |
34 (24.3) |
24 (35.8) |
0.084 |
Yes |
106 (75.7) |
43 (64.2) |
|
|
Knows sexual violence as a cause of fistula |
No |
59 (42.1) |
38 (56.7) |
0.049 |
Yes |
81 (57.9) |
29 (43.3) |
|
|
Know at least one cause (n = 259) |
No |
136 (52.5) |
211 (81.5) |
0.000 |
Yes |
123 (49.5) |
48 (18.5) |
|
|
Risk of factors |
Early Marriage |
87 (62.1%) |
35 (52.2%) |
0.175 |
|
Early Pregnancy |
60 (42.9%) |
38 (56.7%) |
0.062 |
|
Home delivery |
111 (79.3%) |
31 (46.3%) |
< 0.001 |
|
Female Genital cutting |
45 (32.1%) |
8 (11.9%) |
0.002 |
|
Prolonged labor |
22 (15.7%) |
3 (4.5%) |
0.020 |
Know at least two Risk factors (n = 259) |
No |
139 (53.7) |
220 (84.9) |
< 0.001 |
|
Yes |
120 (46.3) |
39 (15.1) |
|
Symptoms |
Unable to control urine |
131 (93.6) |
57 (85.1) |
0.048 |
|
Unable to control feces |
122 (87.1) |
32 (47.8) |
0.018 |
|
Unable to control urine and feces |
85 (60.7) |
29 (43.3) |
0.048 |
|
Bleeding and pain during sex |
9 (3.5) |
10 (14.9) |
0.005 |
Know at least two symptoms (n = 259) |
No |
130 (50.2) |
224 (86.5) |
0.000 |
|
Yes |
129 (49.8) |
35 (13.5) |
|
Chi-square test, p < 0.05 is statistically significant