Table 1: Demographic comparison of women with gestational diabetes mellitus and a group without gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 1,033).

 

Maternal characteristics

Baseline

Normal group

GDM group

P value

Age (years), mean (SD)

26.78 (4.4)

26.8 (4.3)

26 (4.2)

NS*

Educational Level, n (%)

·         > High school

·         Diploma

·         College degree

 

258 (25)

495 (57.9)

280 (27.10)

 

229 (23.8)

464 (48.3)

269 (27.9)

 

29 (40.3)

31 (43.1)

12 (16.7)

 

 

0.005

Current main activity, n (%)

·         Employed

·         Non employed

 

137 (13.26)

896 (86.73)

 

129 (13.4)

832 (86.6)

 

8 (11.1)

64 (88.9)

 

NS

Pre pregnancy BMI** (kg/m2)

·         Underweight

·         Normal

·         Overweight

·         Obese

 

135 (13.1)

566 (54.8)

177 (17.1)

154(14.9)

 

130 (13.5)

521 (54.2)

169 (17.6)

140 (14.6)

 

5 (6.9)

45 (62.5)

8 (11.1)

14 (19.4)

 

 

NS

Nulliparity, n (%)

632 (61.2)

583 (60.7)

49 (68.1)

NS

Smoker, n (%)

128 (12.4)

117 (12.2)

11 (15.3)

NS

History of gestational diabetes, n (%)

146 (14.2)

11 (1.1)

1 (1.4)

NS

Fasting blood sugar(mg/dl), mean (SD)

84.6 (9.9)

83.9 (9.1)

93.8 (14.8)

0.001 >

 

* NS: Not significant P > 0.05

** Underweight: BMI < 18.5 kg/m2

Normal: 18.5 kg/m2 < BMI < 24.9 kg/m2

Overweight: 25 kg/m2 < BMI < 29.9 kg/m2

Obese: BMI > 30 kg/m2