Table 1: Summary of studies
reporting the effect of HIV on neurodevelopment among HEU children.
Study |
Location |
Study Type |
Sample size |
Participants |
Age (range) |
Developmental scale |
Exposure to ARV |
Findings HEU |
Bisiachi et al. [25] |
Italy |
Cross section |
42 |
29 HI 13 HEU |
6 -15 yrs |
Own tests |
Not stated |
Normal Normal range |
Blanchette et al. [26] |
Canada |
Cross section |
25 |
14 HI 11 HEU |
5-12 yrs |
WPPS |
Yes |
Normal function |
Fishkin et al. [27] |
US |
Cross section |
80 |
40 HI 40 HUU |
3-5 yrs |
WPPS |
Yes |
No report |
Smith
et al. [28] |
US |
Cohort |
539 |
117 HI 422 HEU |
3-7 yrs |
MSCA |
Yes |
Normal function |
Koekkoek et al. [29] |
The Netherlands |
Cross section |
22 |
HI |
6-13.5 yrs |
SON-R |
Yes, |
No control |
Bagendi et al. [30] |
Uganda |
Cohort |
107 |
28 HI 42 HEU 37 HUU |
6-12 yrs |
K-ABC |
No |
No cognitive defects |
Abubakar et al. [31] |
Kenya |
Cross section |
367 |
31 HI 17 HEU 319 HUU |
6-35 mnths |
Kilifi
Developmental Inventory |
No |
Similar motor
function to HUEI |
Lowick et al. [24] |
South Africa |
Cross section |
60 |
35HI 30 Healthy
unknown status |
Preschool age |
GMDS-ER |
No |
Normal function |
Hoare et al. [32] |
South Africa |
Cross sectional |
24 |
12 HI 12HUU |
8-12 yrs |
WASI |
No |
No report |
Ruel et al. [33] |
Uganda |
Cross section |
115 |
93HI 106 HUU |
6-12 yrs |
Test of
Variables of Attention K-ABC, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor
Proficiency |
No |
No report |
Puthanakit et al.
[34] |
Thailand |
RCT |
623 |
284 HI 155 HEU 164 HUU |
1-12 yrs |
WISC-Thai |
Yes |
Normal function |
Kandawasvika et al. [35] |
Zimbabwe |
Prospective |
306 |
32 HI 121 HEI 153 HUU |
6-8 |
MSCA |
Yes |
Similar to HIV uninfected |
HI- Child with HIV
infection; HEU- Child exposed but uninfected with HIV; HUU- Unexposed
Uninfected; US- United States of America; RCT- Randomised Controlled Trial;
KABC- Kaufman Assessment Battery for children; MSCA- McCarthy Scales of
Children`s Abilities; SON-R- Snijders-Oomen nonverbal intelligence test for
children and adolescents (abridged); WASI- Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of
Intelligence; WPPSI- Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of
Intelligence-Revised; WISC-R- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Revised;
WISC- Thai Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Thai version; GMDS-ER-
Griffiths Mental Development Scales-Extended Revised Version