Table 4: Recommendations for potential donor and recipient infection screening prior to transplantation [91,131].

General Screening

Epidemiologic history: Known and possible infections, including past colonization

Travel history

Blood and urine microbiology

Chest radiography

Appropriate vaccinations for recipient: Varicella, measles, mumps, rubella, S. pneumoniae, influenza, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis A virus, diphtheria and tetanus

Bronchoscopy to look for colonization

Bacterial Infection Screening

Rapid plasma regain for syphilis

Blood cultures

Tuberculin skin test for recipient

Viral Infection Screening

HIV antibodyfor recipient, HIV-antigen and viral load with PCR for donor

Cytomegalovirus IgG antibody

Hepatitis B virus (HBsAg, HBcAc) for recipient, DNA with PCR for donor

Hepatitis C virus antibodyfor recipient, Hepatitis C virus RNA with PCR for donor

Varicella zoster virus antibody

Parasitic Infection Screening

Toxoplasma IgG antibody, especially in areas of high endemicity

HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA: Ribonucleic Acid; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid; IgG: Immunoglobulin G; HBsAg: Hepatitis B Virus Antigen; HBcAc: Hepatitis B total Core Antibody