Table 1: Demographics of imaging-depicted muscle injuries in the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games.
Demographics |
N (%) |
Gender (number of athletes) |
|
Male |
24* (73%) |
Female |
9** (27%) |
Impairment (number of injuries) |
|
Visual impairment |
17 (49%) |
Physical impairment, upper motor neuron injury |
5 (14%) |
Physical impairment, lower limb deficiency |
6 (17%) |
Physical impairment, upper limb deficiency |
3 (9%) |
Impaired muscle power, post polio myelitis |
4 (11%) |
Laterality (number of muscle injuries) |
|
Left |
14 (40%) |
Right |
21 (60%) |
Chronicity of muscle injury (number of muscle injuries) |
|
Acute |
27 (77%) |
Acute on chronic |
3 (9%) |
Chronic |
2 (6%) |
Unclassified (Delayed onset muscle soreness) |
3 (9%) |
Injury site (number of muscle injuries) |
|
Shoulder |
7 (20%) |
Hip |
3 (9%) |
Thigh |
21 (60%) |
Lower leg |
4 (11%) |
Location of injury within muscle (number of muscle injuries) |
|
Proximal third |
14 (40%) |
Middle third |
12 (34%) |
Distal third |
8 (23%) |
Diffuse |
1 (3%) |
BAMIC grade (number of muscle injuries) |
|
0a, 0b, 1a |
0 |
1b |
5 (14%) |
1c |
0 |
2a |
7 (20%) |
2b |
4 (11%) |
2c |
2 (6%) |
3a |
5 (14%) |
3b |
0 |
3c |
4 (11%) |
4 |
0 |
4c |
2 (6%) |
Unclassifiable |
6 (17%) |
Modified Peetrons grade (number of muscle injuries) |
|
1 |
15 (43%) |
2 |
12 (34%) |
3 |
2 (6%) |
Unclassifiable |
6 (17%) |
*One female athlete had two separate muscle (supraspinatus and deltoid) injuries. **One male athlete had bilateral deltoid muscle injuries.