The Cardiorespiratory Effects of EMS Activation during Treadmill Walking (3.5 mph, 5% grade).

Table 5: The Cardiorespiratory Effects of EMS Activation during Treadmill Walking (3.5 mph, 5% grade).

	Ventilation (liters/min)		Respiration Rate (breaths/min)		Tidal Volume (liters/min)
	NO EMS*	Contour MX9^†	NO EMS*	Contour MX9^†	NO EMS*	Contour MX9^†
Mean	42.6	46.7	29.6	34.2	1.465	1.383
Std Dev	6.9	7.2	3.6	4.7	0.248	0.116
0.116	44.9	49.1	30.8	35.7	1.546	1.449
Lower 95%	40.4	44.4	28.4	32.6	1.383	1.316
% difference	•	9.6%	•	15.5%	•	-5.6%
Effect Size	•	0.582	•	1.108	•	0.451
	VO₂ Uptake (liters/minute)		Energy Expenditure (kcal/min)		Heart Rate (beats/min)
	NO EMS*	Contour MX9^†	NO EMS*	Contour MX9^†	NO EMS*	Contour MX9^†
Mean	1.644	1.72	7.948	8.301	121	131
Std Dev	0.312	0.305	1.511	1.473	16	17
Upper 95%	1.747	1.82	8.444	8.785	127	137
Lower 95%	1.541	1.619	7.451	7.817	116	125
% difference	•	4.6%	•	4.4%	•	8.3%
Effect Size	•	0.246	•	0.031	•	0.606

^† = p-value = 0.0001 comparing no EMS versus EMS actively on. *Contour MX9 Belt worn but no EMS activation = Same data measurements.