Table 2: Outcomes: The table shows both groups are similar in terms of procedural outcomes apart from oxygen flow (intervention) and lowest oxygen saturations measured during bronchoscopic procedures. This is not surprising as we expected that patients on lower flow of oxygen will have lower saturations during procedure. However, this didn’t result in any more complications compared with the other group.
|
Characteristic |
high flow, N = 421 |
low flow, N = 421 |
p-value2 |
|
Fentanyl dose (mg) |
100 (75, 125) |
100 (75, 125) |
0.6 |
|
Midazolam dose (mg) |
5.00 (4.00, 6.00) |
5.00 (4.00, 6.00) |
0.2 |
|
Need to reverse sedation |
2 (4.8%) |
1 (2.4%) |
> 0.9 |
|
Flow rate at the start of the case (L/min) |
|
|
< 0.001 |
|
2 |
0 (0%) |
42 (100%) |
|
|
25 |
42 (100%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
Max flow rate (L/min) |
25 (25, 25) |
4 (2, 8) |
< 0.001 |
|
Starting peripheral saturation (%) |
|
|
0.6 |
|
95-100% |
41 (98%) |
39 (93%) |
|
|
90-94% |
1 (2.4%) |
3 (7.1%) |
|
|
Lowest peripheral saturation (%) (intraprocedure) |
97.0 (96.0, 97.0) |
92.0 (88.0, 95.0) |
< 0.001 |
|
Duration of desaturations (min) |
|
|
0.007 |
|
0 |
38 (90%) |
25 (60%) |
|
|
3 |
0 (0%) |
1 (2.4%) |
|
|
5 |
0 (0%) |
5 (12%) |
|
|
10 |
2 (4.8%) |
3 (7.1%) |
|
|
15 |
2 (4.8%) |
3 (7.1%) |
|
|
30 |
0 (0%) |
4 (9.5%) |
|
|
120 |
0 (0%) |
1 (2.4%) |
|
|
Post procedure hypoxia (SpO2 < 90%) |
0 (0%) |
1 (2.4%) |
> 0.9 |
|
Bronchospasms |
0 (0%) |
1 (2.4%) |
> 0.9 |
|
Hypotension |
2 (4.8%) |
0 (0%) |
0.5 |
|
MERT calls |
0 (0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
Pneumothorax |
0 (0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
Respiratory failure |
0 (0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
Patient comfort |
|
|
0.3 |
|
Very comfortable |
12 (29%) |
8 (19%) |
|
|
Comfortable |
13 (31%) |
20 (48%) |
|
|
Slightly uncomfortable |
11 (26%) |
6 (14%) |
|
|
Very uncomfortable |
6 (14%) |
8 (19%) |
|
|
Sedation converted into general anaesthesia |
0 (0%) |
2 (4.8%) |
0.5 |
|
Type 2 respiratory failure (Hypercapnic) |
1 (2.4%) |
0 (0%) |
> 0.9 |
|
Unexpected admission to ward |
1 (2.4%) |
0 (0%) |
> 0.9 |
|
1Median (IQR); n (%) |
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|
2Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test |
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