Patients characteristics

Clean group

(n = 138)

Sterile group

(n = 138)

P value

Sex, n (%)

Male

49 (35.5)

48 (34.8)

Female

89 (64.5)

90 (65.2)

Age (year), mean (SD)

54.1 (14.7)

55.3 (14.1)

0.505

ASA, n (%)

0.438

I

9 (6.5)

15 (10.9)

II

98 (71)

94 (68.1)

III

31 (22.5)

29 (21)

Operative site, n (%)

0.614

Superficial and head

16 (11.6)

13 (9.4)

Airway

22 (15.9)

25 (18.1)

Cardiovascular

18 (13)

11 (8)

Intra-abdomen

75 (54.3)

83 (60.1)

Extremities

7 (5.1)

6 (4.3)

Time from intubation to suction, mean (SD)

193.9 (99.4)

213.4 (115.5)

0.135

Indication of suctioning, n (%)

0.323

Routine

101 (73.2)

93 (67.4)

Clearing secretion

37 (26.8)

42 (30.4)

Increased airway pressure

0 (0)

1 (0.7)

Others

0 (0)

2 (1.4)

Desaturation, n

0

1