Table 1: Dyspnea grades before and after the insertion of the tunneled pleural catheter.

Dyspnea grade* pre-TPC N = 26 Dyspnea grade* post-TPC N = 26
1 0 1 7 (27%)
2 3 (11%) 2 14 (54%)
3 15 (58%) 3 4 (15%)
4 8 (31%) 4 1 (4%)
Mean dyspnea decrease pre-TPC 3.19 Mean dyspnea decrease post-TPC 1.96
p-value < 0.0001

*Dyspnea has been assessed using the mMRC (modified Medical Research Council) scale.