Table 1: Sociodemographic characteristics and the concentrations of S-Al & U-Al (µg/L) of studied workers according to pattern of exposure.
Characteristics | Type of exposure | p-Value* | |
Exposed group (N = 66) | Unexposed group (N = 43) | ||
2Age (years) (Mean ± SD) | 33.59 ± 9.50 | 33.83 ± 10.12 | 0.898 |
2Duration of work (months) (mean ± SD) | 41.16 ± 15.79 | 38.02 ± 12.72 | 0.255 |
1Educational level No. (%) | |||
- Illiterate and read and write | 9 (13.6) | 5 (11.6) | |
- Primary and preparatory (5-13 years) | 14 (21.2) | 10 (23.3) | 0.936 |
- Secondary and university (14-22 years) | 43 (65.2) | 28 (65.1) | |
1Residence No. (%) | |||
- Urban | 51 (77.3) | 33 (76.7) | 0.949 |
- Rural | 15 (22.7) | 10 (23.3) | |
1Personal hygiene No. (%) | |||
- Good | 56 (84.8) | 34 (79.1) | 0.437 |
- Bad | 10 (15.2) | 9 (20.9) | |
1History of respiratory diseases No. (%) | |||
- Hasn't a history of respiratory diseases | 28 (42.4) | 33 (76.7) | 0.40 |
- Has a history of respiratory diseases | 38 (57.6) | 10 (23.3) | |
1Smoking habit No. (%) | |||
- Currently smoker | 15 (22.7) | 8 (18.6) | 0.842 |
- Ex-smoker | 13 (19.7) | 8 (18.6) | |
- Non-smoker | 38 (57.6) | 27 (62.8) | |
2S-Al (µg/L) (mean ± SD) | 5.50 ± 1.48 | 1.03 ± 0.23 | 0.01** |
2U-Al (µg/L) (mean ± SD) | 97.85 ± 7.76 | 16.73 ± 3.96 | 0.01** |
1Chi Square Test: *significant at P < 0.05, **significant at P < 0.01, ***significant at P < 0.001;
2T-test: *significant at P < 0.05, **significant at P < 0.01, ***significant at P < 0.001, S-Al: Serum Aluminum; U-Al: Urinary Aluminum concentrations.