Table 1: Participant characteristics.

 

Total Sample

Adolescents

Adults

p

Demographics

Sex, Female*

Ethnicity, Non-Hispanic/Latino*

Race

White/Caucasian*

N = 68

47 (69.1)

62 (91.2)

N = 67

58 (86.6)

N = 28

17 (60.7)

27 (96.4)

N = 28

23 (82.1)

N = 40

30 (75.0)

35 (87.5)

N = 39

35 (89.7)

 

0.210

0.389

 

0.474

Age

Years

N = 67

21 (14, 33)

N = 28

14 (12, 15)

N = 39

32 (24, 37)

 

< 0.001

Body Anthropometrics

Height, m

Weight, kg

Body Mass Index Classification*

Underweight

Healthy

Overweight

Obese

N = 65

1.52 (1.45, 1.61)

50.5 (40.8, 61.2)

 

9 (13.8)

38 (58.5)

12 (18.5)

6 (9.2)

N = 27

1.50 (1.42, 1.57)

41.3 (34.0, 49.0)

 

7 (25.0)

17 (63.0)

2 (7.4)

1 (3.7)

N = 38

1.57 (1.49, 1.63)

57.6 (51.2, 66.7)

 

2 (5.3)

21 (55.3)

10 (26.3)

5 (13.2)

 

0.048

< 0.001

0.022

Bone Health

Osteopenia*

Osteoporosis*

History of Lower-limb Fracture*

Vitamin D Prescription*

N = 68

11 (16.2)

4 (5.9)

23 (33.8)

27 (39.7)

N = 28

4 (14.3)

1 (3.6)

8 (28.6)

12 (42.9)

N = 40

7 (17.5)

3 (7.5)

15 (37.5)

15 (37.5)

 

1.000

0.638

0.444

0.657

Orthopedic Surgical History

Number of Upper-limb Surgeries

Number of Lower-limb Surgeries

Spinal Surgery*

N = 67

1 (0, 3)

5 (3, 8)

13 (19.4)

N = 28

2 (0, 3)

5 (3, 7)

5 (17.9)

N = 39

0 (0, 2)

5 (2, 8)

8 (20.5)

 

0.197

0.660

0.786

Mobility Aids

Wheelchair use*

Home Mobility

Community Mobility
No assistive device use*

Home-Ambulation

Community-Ambulation

N = 68

 

8 (11.8)

19 (27.9)

 

56 (82.4)

41 (60.3)

N = 28

 

1 (3.6)

7 (25.0)

 

24 (85.7)

18 (64.3)

N = 40

 

7 (17.5)

12 (30.0)

 

32 (80.0)

23 (57.5)

 

 

0.128

0.651

 

0.748

0.574

Fall History

≥ 1 fall*

≥ 2 falls*

Injurious fall*

Medical treatment necessary*

Hospitalization*

N = 68

53 (77.9)

48 (70.6)

20 (29.4)

10 (14.7)

0 (0.0)

N = 28

25 (89.3)

25 (89.3)

9 (32.1)

5 (17.9)

0 (0.0)

N = 40

28 (70.0)

23 (57.5)

11 (27.5)

5 (12.5)

0 (0.0)

 

0.078

0.005

0.679

0.730

--

Functional Mobility

Floor-to-Stand Transfer without support*

Floor-to-Stand Transfer with support*

N = 68

27 (39.7)

 

52 (76.5)

N = 28

14 (50.0)

 

22 (78.6)

N = 40

13 (32.5)

 

30 (75.0)

 

0.147

 

0.733

Activity Level

Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity

Level Scale*

Level I

Level II

Level III

Level IV

 

N = 66

 

20 (30.3)

28 (42.4)

12 (18.2)

6 (9.1)

 

N = 26

 

7 (26.9)

8 (30.8)

7 (26.9)

4 (15.4)

 

N = 40

 

13 (32.5)

20 (50.0)

5 (12.5)

2 (5.0)

 

0.157

*Data presented as N (% of sample).
[cross symbol] Data presented as median (25th, 75th percentile