Growth Factor

Function

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

Regulates the secretion and synthesis of collagen

Epidermal growth factor (EGF)

Stimulates cellular proliferation, endothelial chemotaxis and angiogenesis

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

Increases angiogenesis and vascular permeability

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)

Stimulates the proliferation of undifferentiated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), stimulates chemotaxis of endothelial cells and angiogenesis

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)

Promotes the growth and differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts stimulates mitogenesis of mesenchymal cells, chondrocytes and osteoblasts

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)

Contributes to joint homeostasis and OA severity by controlling the matrix sequestration and activation of latent TGF-β