Table 2: Clinical studies of VNS in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.

First Author/Year Type Scope Design Control N PF
(Hz)		 PW
(μsec)		 ON
(sec)		 OFF
(min)		 Curr
(mA)		 Titr
Freq
(wk)
De Ferrari 2011 [31] Pro MC Obs None 32 1-2 NR Variable Variable 1.1-5.5 (max) 1
Premchand 2014 [32] Pro MC Rand Active 60 10 250 18 1.1 1.5-3.0 (max) 1-2
Zanad 2014 [33] Pro MC Rand Sham 96 20 300 10 0.8 1.4 (mean), 4.0 (max) 1
Premchand 2015 [34] Pro MC Extens Active 49 5, 10 250 18 1.1 1.5-3 (max) 1-2
De Ferrari 2015 [35] Pro MC Extens Sham 96 20 300 10 0.8 1.4 (mean), 4.0 (max)
Gold 2016 [36] Pro MC Rand SOC 707 1-2 NR Variable Variable 1.1-5.5 (max) 1

Note: SOC: Standard of Care (Guideline Directed Medical Therapy); All other abbreviations are the same as in Table 1.