Different wall materials applied for encapsulation of pharmaceuticals by nano spray drying (n.a. = not available).

Table 4: Different wall materials applied for encapsulation of pharmaceuticals by nano spray drying (n.a. = not available).

Encapsulation wall materials (excipient)	Solvent	T in (℃)	T out (℃ )	Drying gas (L/min)	Particle size(µm)	Solid sample amount (mg)	Product yield (%)	References
Arabic gum, whey protein, maltodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol and modified starch	Water	100	38 to 60	100	0.2 to 1.1	30 to 300	43 to 95	[10]
Sodium alginate (polysaccharide)	Water	110	n.a.	100	0.4 to 1.2	n.a.	> 90	[67]
Trehalose, mannitol or disodium phosphate surfactant, polysorbate	Water	60 to 100	30 to 45	115	0.3 to 3	10 to 50	50 to 78	[11,12,27]
Leucine (amino acid, dispersing agent), Trehalose (stabilizer, increases shelf life)	Water	75	45	100	2.1 to 5.4	n.a.	n.a.	[29]
Nanosuspension of mannitol and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)	Water	80	32 to 39	140	1.1 to 7.2	n.a.	n.a.	[70]
Chitosan (biopolymer, fat blocker)	Water, Acetic acid	120	55	130	0.6 to 1.6	n.a.	n.a.	[83]
PLGA (biodegradable polymer)	Dichloro-methane (DCM)	30 to 50	20 to 30	100	2.8 to 4.4	n.a.	n.a.	[33]
PLGA suspensions	DCM	30 to 50	20 to 30	100	0.3 to 1.7	n.a.	n.a.	[33]
PLGA (fine carrier supports)	DCM	n.a.	n.a.	100 (N₂/CO₂)	1 to 16	n.a.	n.a.	[84]
PLGA and stabilizers (poloxamer, surfactant)	Acetone, Ethyl acetate, DCM,	50 to 90	29 to 36	115 (N₂/CO₂)	2.4 to 8	1'080 to 1'350	60 to 85	[44]
Hypromellose (hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, for oral medicaments)	Acetone	36 - 68	n.a.	90 to 120	2 to 10	800	75 to 91	[50]