Effect of human RAGE antibody on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in PDB-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from T2DM and healthy controls

Table 3: Effect of human RAGE antibody on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in PDB-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from T2DM and healthy controls.

Experiments	ROS production (RLU/minutes x 10^-2 ± SD)
Experiments	T2DM	Activation (↑)^a Inhibition (↓)^b (%)	Healthy controls	Activation (↑)^a Inhibition (↓)^b (%)
1. PBMNC + PBS	177.8 ± 23.2^*		85.8 ± 8.6
2. PBMNC + PDB	472.4 ± 44.2	166 (↑)	143.3 ± 10.3	67 (↑)
3. PBMNC + PDB + Ab anti-hRAGE	210.3 ± 29.4	55 (↓)	67.2 ± 8.5	53 (↓)

n = 3 for each group; PBMNCs = peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PDB = phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate ester; Ab anti-hRAGE = polyclonal antibodies against human RAGE; RLU = Relative Light Units.

^aPercentage activation (↑) values were calculated from the expression [(R2/R1 ) - 1] × 100: R1 and R2 represent ROS levels in the absence or presence of PDB, respectively

^bPercentage inhibition (↓) values were calculated from the expression [1 - (R2/R1)] × 100: R1 and R2 represent ROS levels in the presence of PDB and PDB + Ab anti-hRAGE, respectively. ^*p < 0.05 vs. healthy controls (Student’s t-test)