Table 1: S100A8/S100A9 functions and association with inflammatory conditions.

Function Ref
Murine: - Neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis (S100A8) [43-56]
             - Activate TLR4 and amplify inflammatory responses (S100A8) [9]
             - Inhibit macrophage spreading and phagocytosis of adherent
               peritoneal cells (S100A9) [57]
             - Oxidant scavenger (S100A8) [56]
             - Reduce H2O2 release from activated macrophage (S100A9) [58]
Human: - Neutrophil chemotaxis (S100A8/S100A9) [43,44]
             - Upregulate Mac-1 expression (S100A8 / S100A9) [43,44]
             - Promote intercellular arachidonic acid transport (S100A8/S100A9) [18]
             - Antimicrobial defense (S100A8/S100A9) [59]
             - Inhibit fibrin formation (S100A9) [60]
             - Sequester intracellular Zn2+ (S100A8/S100A9) [61]
             - Oxidant scavenger and NO shuttle (S100A8) [22,62]
             - Reduce H2O2 release from activated macrophage (S100A9) [58]
             - Proinflammatory; enhance expression of proinflammatory cytokines
               and adhesion molecules (S100A8/S100A9) [63,64]
             - Anti-inflammatory; recombinant proteins reduced LPS-induced systemic
             release of IL-6 and NO in rats (S100A8/S100A9) [65]
Association with inflammatory disease/disorder
Murine: - Arthritis (S100A8/S100A9) [66]
             - Abdominal sepsis [55,67]
             - Pneumonia-derived sepsis [68]
             - LPS-induced endotoxemia [65,69]
             - Autoimmune myocarditis [70]
Human: - Arthritis (S100A8/S100A9) [71-73]
             - Inflammatory bowel disease (S100A8/S100A9) [74]
             - Systemic inflammation (S100A8/S100A9) [75,76]
             - Pancreatitis (S100A8/S100A9) [77]
             - Sepsis (S100A8/S100A9) [67-79]
             - Lupus erythematosus [80]