Evidence of analogue insulin used in the treatment of T2DM.

Table 3: Evidence of analogue insulin used in the treatment of T2DM.

Study	Intervention	Outcomes	Statistical significance
Swinnen, et al. [32] (24 week randomised trial)	Once daily glargine versus twice daily detemir	27.5% glargine and 25.6% detemir achieved HbA1c < 7%	P = 0.254
		Greater proportion detemir patients < 6.5% Weight gain higher for glargine	P = 0.017
		Lower doses of glargine for equivalent glycaemic control	P < 0.001
		Hypoglycaemia similar	P < 0.001
Meneghini, et al. [33] (26 week randomised trial)	Detemir versus glargine	38% detemir and 53% glargine achieved HbA1c < 7% Weight loss with detemir (- 0.49 kg) versus weight gain with glargine (+ 1.0)	P = 0.026
		Lower doses of glargine for equivalent glycaemic control	P = 0.0208
		Reduced incidence of hypoglycaemia for detemir	P = 0.034
Waugh, et al. [34]. Systematic review of long-acting insulin analogues	Glargine versus NPH	Similar improvements to HbA1c Hypoglycaemia, symptomatic, nocturnal and severe	Not Significant (NS) Mixed results some significant reduction for glargine, some NS
	Glargine versus NPH	Weight gain for both glargine and NPH	NS Mixed results
	Detemir versus NPH	Similar improvements in HbA1c	P < 0.05
		Symptomatic and severe hypoglycaemia	P < 0.00001 [34]
		Less nocturnal hypoglycaemia for detemir Less weight gain for detemir than NPH	P < 0.05
Zinman, et al. [35] (1 year trial)	Degludec versus glargine	Reduction in HbA1c similar in both groups Insulin doses similar Confirmed hypoglycaemia similar	P = 0.40
		Confirmed nocturnal hypoglycaemia less for degludec	P = 0.106
		Less severe hypoglycaemia for degludec	P = 0.004
		Similar weight gain in both groups	P = 1.017
Marso SP, et al. [10] (DEVOTE, 3 Year trial)	Degludec versus Glargine (Cardiovascular safety)	Primary outcome Severe hypoglycaemia incidence	Hazard ratio 0.91, 95% CI 0.78-1.06 P < 0.001 for non-inferiority Rate ratio 0.6, P < 0.001 for superiority Odds ratio 0.73, P < 0.001 for superiority