Table 3: Logistic regression modeling to predict odds of poor glycemic control.

 

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

p Value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

p Value

Quintile of HbA1c variability

 

 

 

 

1st

Reference

 

Reference

 

2nd

1.26 (0.93-1.71)

0.3716

1.16 (0.85-1.59)

0.3674

3rd

1.39 (1.04-1.87)

0.0574

1.05 (0.77-1.42)

0.8548

4th

1.78 (1.34-2.38)

< 0.0001

1.14 (0.84-1.56)

0.3872

5th

2.52 (1.91-3.34)

< 0.0001

0.98 (0.69-1.38)

0.3335

Absolute change in HbA1c

1.09 (0.98-1.22)

0.1021

1.14 (1.03-1.26)

0.011

Mean HbA1c

1.70 (1.54-1.81)

< 0.0001

1.70 (1.52-1.90)

< 0.0001

Age group (years)

 

 

 

 

65-74

Reference

 

Reference

 

75-84

0.78 (0.65-0.95)

0.136

0.86 (0.70-1.05)

0.2073

≥ 85

0.81 (0.62-1.06)

0.4653

0.93 (0.70-1.24)

0.6758

Gender

 

 

 

 

Female

Reference

 

Reference

 

Male

1.06 (0.89-1.26)

0.5079

1.08 (0.89-1.30)

0.4542

Obesity

1.18 (0.93-1.49)

0.1686

1.07 (0.83-1.77)

0.6078

Depression

1.24 (0.89-1.72)

0.1963

1.04 (0.67-1.60)

0.8486

Chronic kidney disease

1.24 (1.01-1.53)

0.0439

1.42 (1.08-1.86)

0.0113

Modified Charlson comorbidity index

 

 

 

 

0

Reference

 

Reference

 

1-2

0.98 (0.79-1.23)

0.8795

0.98 (0.77-1.25)

0.3894

≥ 3

1.01 (0.81-1.25)

0.9068

0.88 (0.67-1.16)

0.2147

DxCG risk score tertile

 

 

 

 

1st (0.066 – 3.312)

Reference

 

Reference

 

2nd (3.313-7.911)

0.91 (0.73-1.13)

0.1439

0.90 (0.71-1.15)

0.2272

3rd (7.911-178.784)

1.09 (0.89-1.35)

0.1429

1.07 (0.77-1.49)

0.3885

Emergency department visit

1.23 (1.02-1.48)

0.0293

1.28 (0.99-1.64)

0.0573

Number of outpatient visit

1.01 (0.99-1.03)

0.2461

1.02 (0.99-1.05)

0.1492

Any hospitalization

1.15 (0.92-1.44)

0.2067

0.98 (0.73-1.31)

0.8853

Number of PCP/internist visit

0.99 (0.98-1.01)

0.648

0.98 (0.97-0.99)

0.0171

Number of specialist visit

1.01 (0.99-1.02)

0.3181

1.02 (1.00-1.04)

0.0473

Number of distinct generic drug

1.02 (1.00-1.03)

0.0479

0.99 (0.97-1.01)

0.3899

Insulin use

1.20 (1.64-2.43)

< 0.0001

1.36 (1.05-1.78)

0.0226

 

*OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval