Table 2: Characteristics of elderly patients (≥75 years) in the RICA registry with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure by ejection fraction

Variable

n

< 45%

≥45%

p

Number

851

216

635

 

Age

216/635

82.3 (4.6)

82.5 (4.5)

0.440

Sex (male,%)

216/635

58.3

34.5

< 0.001

Charlson index

216/635

4.5 (2.9)

3.5 (2.4)

< 0.001

Barthel index

212/615

81.2 (20.7)

79.8 (21.9)

0.430

Body mass index

216/635

26.7 (4.4)

28.4 (5.1)

< 0.001

Heart rate

216/635

89.7 (23.9)

88.3 (24.5)

0.454

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

216/635

133.0 (26.4)

140 (23.7)

< 0.001

Diastolic blood pressure

(mmHg)

216/635

74.1 (15.6)

76.4 (17.6)

0.127

History

 

 

 

 

Arterial hypertension (%)

216/635

88.9

86.1

0.352

Diabetes mellitus (%)

216/635

41.2

40.6

0.936

Smoking (%)

216/635

5.1

3.9

0.440

Hyperlipidaemia (%)

216/635

50.0

40.2

0.013

COPD (%)

216/635

32.9

24.7

0.021

Chronic renal failure (%)

216/635

39.8

31.0

0.019

Prior myocardial infarction (%)

216/635

37.5

14.0

< 0.001

NYHA (%)

 

 

 

 

I

5/29

2.3

4.6

0.428

II

110/307

51.2

48.5

III

87/266

40.5

42.0

IV

13/31

6.0

4.9

I-II

100/297

46.3

46.8

0.937

III-IV

116/338

53.7

53.2

Laboratory parameters,

mean (SD)

 

 

 

 

Haemoglobin (mg/dl)

216/635

12.2 (1.8)

11.9 (1.9)

0.149

Creatinine (mg/dl)

216/635

1.4 (0.6)

1.4 (3.5)

0.873

MDRD (ml/min/1.73m2)

216/635

55.4 (23.8)

55.8 (23.6)

0.809

C-reactive protein (mg/dl)

118/331

18.8 (44.2)

22.9 (39.1)

0.337

BNP (pg/ml)

38/102

1265 1001)

834 (826)

0.033

Pro-BNP (pg/ml)

83/275

8478 (9644)

6154 (13014)

0.133

Sodium (mEq/l)

216/635

139.3 (4.4)

138.9 (4.8)

0.281

Potassium (mEq/l)

205/611

4.3 (0.5)

4.3 (0.6)

0.238

Uric acid (mg/dl)

131/385

7.9 (2.6)

7.8 (2.4)

0.767

Electrocardiographic abnormalities (%)

 

 

 

 

Left ventricular hypertrophy

216/635

28.7

27.4

0.725

Left bundle branch block

216/635

33.8

13.9

< 0.001

Right bundle branch block

216/635

7.9

15.0

0.007

Echocardiographic characteristics, mean (SD)

 

 

 

 

Ejection fraction (%)

216/635

33.6 (6.8)

60.4 (9.1)

< 0.001

Left atrial dimension (mm)

151/429

49.3 (7.6)

49.0 (9.1)

0.761

Posterior wall thickness (mm)

40/155

15.8 (6.6)

11.9 (2.6)

0.019

Mitral regurgitation, moderate-severe

203/584

38.9

22.1

< 0.001

Treatment

 

 

 

 

Betablockers

216/635

68.1

56.2

0.002

Diuretics

216/635

91.2

90.4

0.788

ACEI- RAA

216/635

78.2

73.9

0.205

Spironolactone

216/635

46.2

30.1

< 0.001

Digoxin

216/635

36.6

39.8

0.420

Calcium channel blocker

216/635

11.6

24.9

< 0.001

Statin

216/635

48.1

34.2

< 0.001

Antiplatelets

216/635

35.2

20.9

< 0.001

Vitamin K antagonists

216/635

65.3

75.3

0.006

Mortality

216/635

26.4

21.6

0.159

 

COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, LV: Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume,  RV: Right Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume, PAP: Pulmonary Arterial Pressure, ACEI-RAA: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Renin-Angiotensin Antagonist