Table 4: DKA management protocol, comedications and treatment outcome among T1DM children admitted with DKA, Bahir Dar, 2021 (n = 162).
|
Variable |
Category |
Frequency (%) |
|
Types of IV fluid bolus
Amount of IV fluid bolus in milliliter (Mean ± SD)
Types of MF used in the management
Rate of MF in ml/hr. (Mean ± SD) Insulin administration rate (u/hr.) Regular insulin Potassium replacement Comedication Antibiotics Anti-parasitic drugs Antifungal drugs Other drugs |
Normal saline (NS) Ringer lactate (RL)
NS only NS&D5W NS&D10% NS,D5W&D10% NS,D5W&D40%
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes |
161(99.4) 1(0.6) 362.2 ± 348.4 63(38.9) 75(46.3) 6(3.7) 2(1.2) 2(1.2) 89 ± 14 9.6 ± 4.3u 162(100) 56(34.6) 110(68) 81(73) 17(15.5) 4(3.6) 5(4.6) |
|
Time in which the patient gets out of DKA in hours
|
< 24 |
33(20.4) |
|
24-48 |
58(35.8) |
|
|
48-72 |
38(23.5) |
|
|
> 72 |
33(20.4) |
|
|
LOS in category
|
<= 7 |
66(40.7) |
|
> 7 |
96(59.3) |
|
|
LOS (median ± SD) |
|
8 ± 6.2 days |
|
Minimum LOS |
|
1 day |
|
Maximum LOS |
|
35 days |
|
Not improved/died |
Yes |
4(2.5) |
|
Improved Complication |
Yes Yes |
158(97.5) 23(14.2) |
|
Types of complications |
Hypokalemia |
11(6.8) |
|
|
Hyperkalemia |
2(1.2) |
|
|
Hypernatremia |
4(2.5) |
|
|
Hyponatremia |
5(3.1) |
|
|
Neurologic sequali |
4(2.5) |
|
|
Hyperchloremia |
3(1.9) |
|
|
Hypochloremia |
1(0.6) |
|
|
AKI |
3(1.9) |
Where-Where-MF: Mantanance Fluid; SD: Standard Deviation; D5W = Dextros 5%; IV: Intera Venus; Other drugs include-antivaral & analgesics LOS: Length of stay; AKI: Acute Kidney Injury; SD: Standred Deviation