Table 1: Mean Values of Aerodynamic Parameters IPIPI (Voice Efficiency) for the Bilabial Stop Consonant /pi/, /phi/ and /p’i/ (N = 39).

Parameter (Units)

pi Mean ± SD

phi Mean ± SD

p’i Mean ± SD

Maximum flow rate (l/sec)

0.709 ± 0.241

1.008 ± 0.359

0.367 ± 0.142

Volume (liter)

0.349 ± 0.279

0.057 ± 0.0277

0.576 ± 3.521

Duration (sec)

0.293 ± 0.094

0.311 ± 0.115

0.287 ± 0.083

Mean airflow rate (l/sec)

0.125 ± 0.777

0.213 ± 0.139

0.046 ± 0.038

Maximum SPL (dB)

60.585 ± 5.981

62.789 ± 5.438

61.108 ± 6.934

Mean SPL (dB)

53.474 ± 3.084

54.99 ± 3.365

52.113 ± 3.228

Peak air pressure (cmH2O)

8.528 ± 2.629

9.643 ± 2.951

8.402 ± 2.673

Mean air pressure (cmH2O)

3.027 ± 1.315

3.591 ± 1.682

3.649 ±1.754

Mean power (Watt)

0.038 ± 0.029

0.102 ± 0.177

0.015 ± 0.011

Mean efficiency (ppm)

1.607 ± 1.565

1.340 ± 2.676

4.626 ± 10.386

Mean resistance *10-5 (Ns/m5)

37.482 ± 35.378

22.534 ± 15.163

155.31 ± 172.075

Abbreviation: SD: standard deviation.