Table 1: Results of the multilevel logistic models for current regular drinking status in the United States (N = 26,946)

	Null model Model 1 (Base Model)	Model with individual factors Model 2 (Interim Model)			Model with individual and state factors Model 3 (Final Model)
	Estimate (SE)	Estimate (SE)	OR	95 % CI	Estimate (SE)	OR	95% CI
Fixed effects
Constant	0.083 (0.056)	-0.787 (0.071)			-0.062 (0.141)
Individual predictors
Age (centered around 46)		-0.024 (0.002)	0.976	0.972 - 0.980	-0.023 (0.002)	0.977	0.973 - 0.981
Gender (Female: Ref) Male		0.830 (0.033)	2.293	2.150 - 2.447	0.819 (0.034)	2.268	2.122 - 2.425
Race (White: Ref) Black American Indian Asian Hispanic		-0.551 (0.074) -0.324 (0.127) -1.187 (0.101) -0.415 (0.057)	0.576 0.723 0.305 0.660	0.499 - 0.666 0.564 - 0.928 0.250 - 0.372 0.591 - 0.738	-0.545 (0.073) -0.319 (0.128) -1.170 (0.099) -0.409 (0.058)	0.580 0.727 0.310 0.664	0.503 - 0.669 0.566 - 0.934 0.256 - 0.377 0.593 - 0.744
Education (Less than high school: Ref) High school or more		0.688 (0.041)	1.990	1.837 - 2.156	0.679 (0.043)	1.972	1.813 - 2.145
Family income (Less than $35,000: Ref) More than $35,000		-0.008 (0.034)	0.992	0.928 - 1.060	-0.008 (0.034)	0.992	0.928 - 1.060
State predictors
% under poverty (centered around 12)					-0.068 (0.011)	0.934	0.914 - 0.955
% with no insurance (centered around 15)					0.005 (0.010)	1.005	0.986 - 1.025
State-level per capita alcohol consumption (centered around 2.22 gallons)					0.387 (0.079)	1.473	1.261 - 1.719
Bans on Sunday alcohol sale (No: Ref) Yes					-0.186 (0.087)	0.830	0.700 - 0.985
Denial of insurance liability (Permitted: Ref) Prohibited					0.106 (0.082)	1.112	0.986 - 1.025
Random effects
State-level variance (SE) Wald test: chi-square with 1 df (Prob)	0.158 (0.029) 30.50 (0.000)	0.161 (0.030) 29.03 (0.000)			0.059 (0.011) 30.47 (0.000)
Median Odds Ratio (MOR)	1.461	1.466			1.261
Intra-state correlation [ISC]	0.046	0.047			0.018

SE = Standard error, OR = Odds ratio, CI = Confidence intervals, df = Degrees of freedom