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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410066
Alan R Hipkiss
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: November 25, 2016
It is suggested that the glycolytic enzyme triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI) is the "Achilles' heel" in carbohydrate metabolism under conditions of excessive glycolysis. The catalytic activity of TPI can induce permanent changes in its structure and a decline in activity. Under conditions of high glycolytic flux, insufficient TPI activity may eventually cause the accumulation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (TPI substrate) which spontaneously decomposes into methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive bi...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410065
Mayuko Harada, Yasuhisa Abe, Yuki Maeda, Michiko Kajikawa and Mitsuru Hashiramoto
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: October 04, 2016
The application of sulfonylurea (SU) remains one of the most popular approaches in pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients because SU exerts potent stimulatory effects on insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells and is relatively inexpensive and well tolerated. Hypoglycemia, however, is a major safety concern that is associated with the use of SUs, because it impairs a patient's quality of life and can become life threatening when protracted....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410064
Muazu Salisu Babura, Okpe Innocent Onoja, Anumah Felicia and Bakari Adamu Girei
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: July 28, 2016
Background: Secondary oral hypoglycaemic agent (OHA) failure is one of the many challenges of diabetes management, the consequence of which is poor diabetes control and early development of chronic complications. Prospective studies on secondary OHA failure have not been done in Nigeria.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with development of secondary failure of OHA among T2DM subjects....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410063
Dingwei Dai, Susannah Higgins and Natan Szapiro
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 01, 2016
Healthcare claims data for all diabetes patients aged 65 years or older and continuously enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans in Independence Blue Cross from 2013 to 2014 and had ≥ 3 HbA1c measurements in the 2013 measurement year (MY). We used patients' zip codes to link to US census data to get socioeconomic status information. Poor glycemic control was identified as the most recent HbA1c level > 9.0% during the MY. HbA1c variability was defined as within-subject standard deviation of Hb...
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