Testicular torsion occurs in 1:4000 males between the ages of 11 and 16 years of age (original data). In the case of detorsion and salvage of testes bilateral fixation is to be recommended due to the anatomical configuration predisposing to intra-vaginal rotation around the suspensory cord containing the testicular vessels. Though fixation is mandated by BAPU and ESPU references method of fixation remains surgeon preference....

Uroflow parameters post hypospadias repair are known to remain poor initially but most improve with time. There is a recognised group of patients who develop late deterioration of flow and may require surgical intervention, but at present there are no standardised guidelines as to length and nature of follow up....

A total of 54 patients with persistent or recurrent varicocele and impaired semen quality underwent ASS for the treatment of a varicocele. The parameters for evaluation every 6 months after redo surgery included semen parameters, serum levels of inhibin B, FSH, total testosterone, testicular volume, postoperative complications and spontaneous pregnancy rates....

Pelvic organ prolapses (POP) is widely prevalent and leads to more than 300,000 surgeries in the United States costing more than $1 billion annually. Vaginal vault prolapses (VP), prolapse of the vaginal apex, can be a result of cardinal and utero-sacral ligaments laxity and/or damage. The risk of VP increases with advancing age and number of vaginal deliveries. VP has a prevalence of 0.2% to 43% in various studies, with a recurrent prolapse rate of 5 to 34% and reoperation rate of 5-26% dependi...