Table 1: Effect of pre-heating on studied variables.

Study Degree of monomer conversion Marginal adaptation Flexural strength Viscosity Micro- hardness Micro- leakage Polymerization shrinkage
Daronch, et al. [9] ↑
Wagner, et al. [6] ↓*
Uctasli, et al. [3] -
Lohbaue, et al. [7] ↑ -
Saade, et al. [18] -
El-Korashy, et al. [10] ↑ ↑
Lucey, et al. [14] ↓ ↑
Fróes-Salgado, et al. [13] - ↑ -
Choudhary, et al. [2] ↑
Nada, et al. [8] ↑
dos Santos, et al. [17] ↓*
Deb, et al. [5] - ↓ - ↑
Karaarsla, et al. [4] -
Ayub, et al. [15] ↓ ↑
Calheiros, et al. [12] ↑
Tauböck, et al. [19] ↑
Yang, et al. [16] ↓
Theobald, et al. [11] ↑ -

↑: Increase; ↓: Decrease; -: No statistically significant difference; *: Under certain circumstances.